Urolithiasis kapena urolithiasis ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amachititsa kupanga mchenga kapena miyala (urolytes) mu mkodzo. Izi zimachitidwa mwachindunji m'makutu, m'mitsempha, kapena mukhodzodzo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mkodzo amachotsa mankhwala opangidwa ndi kagayidwe kachakudya kuchokera mu thupi, ndipo pangophweka pang'ono pokha pokhapokha ngati izi zilipo, mchenga kapena miyala imangopanga. Matendawa amatha kukula kwa zaka zingapo, ndipo amatha kupita patsogolo mofulumira, zomwe zimawatsogolera ku ngozi.
Zifukwa zikuluzikulu za chitukuko cha agalu ndi amphaka ndi kusowa zakudya m'thupi, kukhalapo kwa matenda oopsa komanso opatsirana. Urolithiasis nthawi zina amapezeka ndipo ngati chinyama chili ndi choloŵa cholowa. Komabe, mpaka lero muzochita zanyama zazitsamba kuti zitsimikizire kuti izi sizingatheke.
Urolithiasis mwa nyama monga amphaka ndi agalu, sadziwika kwenikweni kwa eni ake. Zinyama sizingakhale zodetsa nkhaŵa, chilakolako sichimasokonezeka, chovalacho ndi chachilendo, komanso eni eni, monga lamulo, zindikirani musangomangoyamba kukumana ndi chimbudzi. Ndipo izi ndi zomvetsa chisoni, chifukwa pachigawo choyamba matenda oterowo amachiritsidwa mofulumira komanso opanda mankhwala ndi mankhwala osavuta komanso otsika mtengo.
Nyama iliyonse imakhudzidwa ndi matendawa, mosasamala za msinkhu, mikhalidwe ya moyo ndi mtundu. Komabe, akukhulupirira kuti zovuta kwambiri ndi zambiri za zotsatira zomvetsa chisoni za urolithiasis zikuwonetseredwa ndi amphaka. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha chigoba chawo - chimakhala ndi mtundu wa C, kuphatikizapo, thupi palokha ndi lochepetsetsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kudutsa mchenga, osatchula miyala. Zotsatira zake, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsekedwa bwino, ngati zotsatira zake, ngati katemera sakupatsidwa chisamaliro chapadera chowona zanyama, zotsatira zake zidzakhala zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kusungidwa kwa mkodzo, kupweteka kwa impso, ubongo wa ubongo ukhoza kukula, kumangidwa kwadzidzidzi kwa mtima kumabwera, ndipo nyamayo idzafa.
Zizindikiro za matendawa agalu ndi amphaka
Urolithiasis wa agalu, amphaka ndi nyama zina sangathe kuwonetseredwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Zizindikiro zake zimadalira kukula, malo komanso mawonekedwe a miyala. Ngati miyalayi ndi yaing'ono ndipo simunamangidwe mu urethra, sichimasokoneza mkodzo, alibe m'mphepete mwake yomwe imayambitsa ululu ndi kuwononga pamwamba pa mucosa, ndiye kuti matendawa amatha nthawi yaitali osadziwika kwa mwiniwakeyo. Miyala mkati mwa thupi imatha "kukula" pakapita nthawi - kuyambira chaka chimodzi mpaka zaka zingapo.
Pali madigiri angapo a urolithiasis zinyama:
1 digiri - makristara amayamba kupanga njira zamakono za nyama. Zikatero, eni eni sakusintha kusintha khalidwe lawo.
2 digiri - zizindikiro zina zoyambirira za matendawa zimayamba kuonekera. Nyama imapita kuchimbudzi kawirikawiri, nthawi yayitali, kumverera kosasangalatsa kumayamba pamene ukukaka, ndipo magazi pang'ono amapezeka mumtsuko. Amayiwo amadziwa kuti chiweto chimakoka chiwerewere chake nthawi zambiri.
3 digiri - zotchulidwa zizindikiro za matenda zimayamba kuwonetsa. Nyama yomwe ili ndi nkhawa, nthawi zambiri imamva ngati kukodza, amphaka nthawi zambiri "kukhala pansi". Mu mkodzo, mwachiwonekere kukhalapo kwa magazi, njira yokometsera ndi yopweteka kwambiri, kawirikawiri ikuyenda ndi phokoso kapena kulira. Nyama imakhala mosamala kwambiri, pafupifupi sichisonyeza ntchito. Mutha kumva kuti compaction ya chikhodzodzo.
4 digiri - pali ngozi kwa moyo wa chinyama. Urolithiasis ikuphatikizidwa ndi kuthetsa kwathunthu koyeretsa, chinyama nthawi zonse chimalira, thupi limatenthedwa, kutengeka kumayamba.
Musayesere kudzipangira mankhwala ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matendawa m'thupi lanu! Mutha kutaya nthawi yamtengo wapatali. Onetsetsani kuti mutenge chinyama kuchipatala cha zinyama, komwe kuyesera magazi ndi mkodzo kudzachitika. Iwo sali opangidwa mu chipatala chirichonse. Choncho, funsani pasadakhale za kukhalapo kwa labotale kuchipatala. Kotero inu mupeza zotsatira zoyesa mofulumira.
Ndiye padzakhala kofunika kupanga X-ray, yomwe idzakhazikitsa kukhalapo kwa miyala, kukula kwake, mawonekedwe ndi malo enieni. Nthawi zina ziweto zimapereka ma ultrasound - njira iyi, ngakhale kuti sichidzadziwitsa zambiri za miyala ndi mchenga, koma idzapatsa mwayi wofufuza kusintha kwa ziwalo zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.
Kodi urolithiasis amachiritsidwa bwanji?
Kuchiza kumadalira kuchuluka kwa matenda, kukula kwa miyala, ndi msinkhu wa chiweto. Cholinga cha njira iliyonse ndi kuchotsa kwathunthu miyala kuchokera m'thupi la nyama.
Chithandizo chodziletsa chimagwira ntchito pazigawo zoyamba za matendawa. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, adokotala ayenera kulamula kuti nyama idye chakudya chokwanira. Kawirikawiri zimaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa ku zakudya za zinthu zonse zomwe zimayambitsa maonekedwe a mchenga ndi miyala. Mndandanda wa wodwala aliyense umapangidwa payekha, malinga ndi zotsatira za kufufuza, popeza miyala ndi mchenga zili ndi chikhalidwe chokha.
Catheterization ndi njira yochotsera mchenga ndi miyala yaying'ono kuchokera m'chikhodzodzo. Amachitidwa mothandizidwa ndi catheter (chida chokhala ngati chubu), amalowetsa mwachindunji mumtsinje wamakono.
Urethrostomy - Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamaso mwa miyala ikuluikulu, yokhala ndi mphamvu yolimba ya urethra. Uku ndi opaleshoni yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wokuyika dzenje losatha mu miyala yomwe idzachotsedwa.
Kachilombo - imatsegula chikhodzodzo kuti achotse miyalayo. Miyesoyi imatengedwa ngati miyala ikuluikulu, yomwe silingathe kupezeka ndi njira zochepa.
Pakatha mankhwalawa, ziyenera kukumbukira kuti chiweto chanu chadwala kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuchita zonse kuti asadwale kachiwiri. Kuchokera kuchiyanjano cha chinyama chiyenera kuchotsedwa mankhwala omwe angayambitse miyala yatsopano. Zidzakhala zofunikira nthawi zonse (kamodzi pachaka) kusonyeza chinyama kwa dokotala ndipo nyumbayo idzayang'anitsitsa chikhalidwe chake ndi khalidwe lake. Pokhapokha mutayang'anitsitsa malamulo osavutawa, mudzateteza chiweto chanu ku matenda ndipo mudzasangalala ndi kampani yake kwa zaka zambiri.