Zosangalatsa za aperitifs
Aperitifs (aperesi ya French) amamwa mowa asanadye chakudya chakumva ludzu komanso kukondweretsa kudya. Zimayambitsa kusungunuka kwa madzi a m'mimba (izi zimathandiza kuti chimbudzi chikhale bwino), kuchepetsa kukhumudwa kwa mphindi yoyamba yolankhulana ndi kukhazikitsa zosagwirizana. Potsiriza, ndi njira yabwino yothetsera phwando kapena tchuthi ndi kutenga alendo mukuyembekezera phwando!
Ndi anthu ochepa omwe amadziwa kuti aperiti samafunikira kukhala "ndi digiri". Mu gawo lawo akhoza kuchita komanso osamwa mowa - madzi ndi madzi - lalanje, mphesa, mandimu, makangaza, mphesa ndi phwetekere. Ndipo madzi, musadabwe ngati mupatsidwa mchere, carbonated, soda kapena chilled. Komabe, pamene pali nthawi yovuta, anthu ambiri amakonda zakumwa zotentha - vinyo wouma, mphala wouma kapena wouma, vermouths, sherry. Zokonda za phwando labwino - msuzi wa champagne, msasa, Martini, cinzano ndi cocktails zochokera pa iwo.
Kusewera ndi malamulo
Aperitifs amatsanuliridwa ndi magalasi ndikuyika tebulo pa tebulo ngakhale asanadze alendo. Pambuyo pake, ndi chinthu chimodzi chomwa zakumwa ndi zosangalatsa ndikupitiriza kukambirana. Ndipo ndizomwe zimakudikirirani kuti muzindikire ndikutsitsimula kudzaza galasi.
Chiwiri chachiwiri ndi chotukuka. Ngakhale mbale zazikulu zikuthawa mu uvuni kapena zikudikirira mu firiji, aperitifs angaperekedwe magawo a mandimu, timitengo ta mchere, azitona, zipatso ndi mtedza wokazinga. Ngati akuyembekezerapo kuti mmodzi wa alendo adachedwa (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuyitanidwa kukhala pansi patebulo kumveka pambuyo pake), masangweji aang'ono ndi nsomba, caviar, ham, tchizi, magawo a ndiwo zamasamba ndi masamba sizongopeka. Maonekedwe a magalasi amathandizanso. Zakumwa zolimba (cognac, armagnac, whiskey) zimatumizidwa m'magalasi ang'onoang'ono, champagne mumtali wamtali wambiri wamphepete mwa vinyo woonda kwambiri, miyendo yowuma yoyera m'magalasi oyandikana, vinyo wofiira m'magalasi akuluakulu. Martini amapangidwa magalasi amodzi, omwe amatchedwanso "Martin". Chokonzekeretsa bwino - kugulira magalasi.
Wokongola awiri
Kupanga menyu ndi kusankha zakumwa ndi theka la nkhondo. Ndikofunika kuti zakumwa ndi mbale ziphatikizidwe pamodzi. Izi ndi zophweka kukwaniritsa ngati mukudziwa ziphunzitso zofunikira za kuphatikiza zosangalatsa. Kuti musankhe bwino aperitifs, ndi bwino kulingalira nthawi ya chaka ndi menyu ya tebulo lalikulu. Ngati mumamwa vinyo wotentha kwambiri, cocktails ndi juisi ndi ayezi ndi zabwino, ndiye kuti m'nyengo yoziziritsa yozizira ndi ayezi sizikhala zosayenera. Pamaso pa supu ndi bwino kumwa youma sherry, pamaso pa mphodza masamba - kuwala kofiira vinyo. Ngati tebulo lalikulu lidzadzala ndi nsomba, ndiye kuti vinyo woyera adzakhala operewera. Nkhumba, mwanawankhosa, ng'ombe zamphongo ndi masewera a masewera ayenera makamaka atalawa ndi vinyo wofiira. Kodi phwandolo likukonzekera mu "chipani cha bachelorette ndi tebulo lokoma"? Ndiye kusankha kwanu ndi cocktails. Zili bwino pamodzi ndi saladi za zipatso, cheesecake, biscuits ndi zina zotentha.
Zowawa
Lachiwiri mwa mndandanda wa zakumwa zoledzeretsa zapadziko lapansi - Zowawa (English zowawa-zowawa) - zimapangidwira ndi kulawa kowawa, zopangidwa ndi maziko a zitsamba, mizu, zimayambira ndi masamba a zomera za mankhwala. Zomwe zimapangidwira mankhwalawa zimatha kukhala chitsamba chowawa, gentian, tsabola, pepala lalanje, ginger, tsabola, timadziti ta zipatso kapena zakumwa za zipatso. Zowawa zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga cocktails. Zowawa zodziwika kwambiri ndi msasa wa ku Italiya, mtundu wofiira wofiira, wokhala ndi kulawa kowawa komanso fungo lokoma. Campari ntchito yotchuka cocktails Americano, Negroni, Garibaldi, Rose wa Mkwiyo, Lady Diana.
Vermouth (German wermut - mbozi) - vinyo wolimba, wokometsedwa ndi zokometsera ndi mankhwala. Chinthu chachikulu cha vermouth iliyonse ndi chitsamba chowawa. Zosakaniza zina: yarrow, timbewu timbewu, sinamoni, cardamom, blackberry elderberry, nutmeg. Alangizi otchuka kwambiri a zakumwa izi ndi Chimartinis Chiitaliyani ndi cinzano. Vermouths imatumikiridwa ndi ayezi ndi chidutswa cha mandimu kapena lalanje.
Ma vinyo oyera amachotsa ludzu lawo m'chilimwe. Amagwirizanitsidwa bwino ndi nsomba, nsomba ndi tchizi chofewa. Vinyo wouma amaledzera chilled mpaka 8-12, ochepa-owuma - mpaka madigiri 5-6. Vinyo wa pinki alikonse: amaperekedwa nsomba, nsomba, nyama, ndi masamba. Vinyo wofiira ndi wouma bwino ndi anzake a nyama mbale.
Chokwanira
Kuphika mowa kumakonzedwa chifukwa cha Martini, campari, whiskey, vodka, gin, rum, tequila ndi zina zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Aperitifs awa amaperekedwa kwa alendo 20 mphindi isanafike phwando. Kusakaniza zakumwa zazimayi - zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Ndikokwanira kuyika mazira angapo pansi pa galasi, kutsanulira 30-50 g zakumwa mowa kwambiri, kuwonjezera 20 g chakumwa kapena vermouth. Pamapeto pake, -100 g lalanje, chinanazi kapena madzi apulo. Chakumwa chokwanira chakonzeka! Ngati madzi amasinthidwa ndi ma gramu 10 a rasipiberi kapena madzi a sitiroberi, mumamwa mowa pang'ono. Mapulogalamu otchuka kwambiri ndi Pinakolada, Daikiri, Margarita, Mary Blood, Mojito, kugonana pa Beach.
Port
Vinyo wovomerezeka wa Chipwitikizi ali ndi oyandikana nawo okha. Mu mawonekedwe a kupopera, choyera chimakonda. Ali ndi fungo losasangalatsa komanso kukoma kwabwino, kuphatikiza kukoma kwabwino komanso kusasaka. Gombelo laledzera chilled mpaka madigiri 14-18, ndipo chophika chophika bwino ndi tchizi tofewa ndi tsekwe.
Jerez
Mndandanda wa zakumwa zoledzeretsa zotchuka padziko lapansi ndi vinyo wolimba kwambiri wa ku Spain ndi udzu wa golidi kapena amber ndi kukoma kokoma ndi zonunkhira. Sryry yowuma (14-16% mowa, 0,2% shuga) amaonedwa kuti ndi operewera kwambiri ndipo nthawi zonse amamwa mowa. Malingana ndi malamulo a khalidwe labwino, iyi ndiyo vinyo yekha amene angatumikidwe ku msuzi.
Champagne
Vinyo uyu wa ku France amatchedwa vinyo wonyezimira "chakumwa chimwemwe ndi chimwemwe." Mkaka wa champagne umadzutsa chilakolako ndipo umakondwera. Champagne iyi imachokera ku chigawo cha France cha Champagne. Zimapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu ya mphesa "Pinot", "Pinot Noir", "Chardonnay", "Cabernet", "Sauvignon". Monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndibwino kwambiri (mpaka 1.5% shuga), youma (2% shuga) ndi mchere wonyezimira wouma (4% shuga).