Ngakhale simukudziwa bwino izi, ndikuganiza kuti sikungakhale zopanda nzeru kuti mudziwe momwe mungakhalire ngati mukuphwanya thermometer ya mercury. Izi zikhoza kulepheretsa mantha, khalidwe lolakwika, komanso kutsatidwa ndi mavuto ambiri. Poyamba - ndi thanzi.
Sizongoganizira kuti nkhaniyo, ngati thermometer yathyoka, iyenera kusamalidwa. Pamene mercury thermometer inathyoledwa, mungathe kuona mwamsanga mipira yaying'ono ya siliva yomwe imatha kugwidwa mu ming'alu yamitundu yonse. Mu thermometer pang'ono ya mercury, kotero ngozi sizowonjezera mercury yokha monga mankhwala ake. Choipa kwambiri ndi mercury vapor, chifukwa ichi ndi mankhwala owopsa.
Zizindikiro za poizoni ndi mercury vapor sizidzatenga nthawi yaitali: kunyoza, kusanza, chizungulire, kupweteka mutu. Koma izi ndi zizindikiro zodziwika kwambiri zomwe anthu ambiri samangoganiza kuti akukonza kale matenda osasangalatsa, owopsa. Zotsatira zake, poizoni ndi mercury m'zaka zingapo zingadziwonetsere pakugonjetsedwa kwa impso ndi neurosis. Pambuyo pokonza chipindacho, imwani madzi ambiri, kotero kuti mercury imachoka mu thupi (imachoka kupyola impso).
Ngati mwadzidzidzi mpira wa mercury umagunda chakudya, kusanza, kukhuta, khungu la buluu. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kutchula ambulansi yomweyo.
Atathyola kutentha kwake, choyamba ndikofunikira kuchotsa ana ndi achikulire kuchokera kumalo. Awatsogolere bwino kuposa malowa ndi mercury. Kenaka muunikire mlengalenga, kotero kuti palibe mpira wa siliva wosasiyidwa. Mukhoza kubweretsa nyali pamalo, kapena kuwala nyani. Kutenga manja ndi mankhwala owopsa sikoyenera - bwino kuvala magolovu a mphira, pamapazi anu - mapepala apulasitiki. Popanda kupuma awiri awiri oopsa, valani chovala cha thonje, chodzaza ndi madzi kapena chosakaniza soda. Ndi koopsa kukhala m'nyumba nthawi yaitali. Choncho, kupita kumlengalenga mphindi iliyonse.
Monga chida chothandizira phulusa la mercury sikugwira ntchito, ndibwino kuti mutenge burashi ndi kuyika mipira pa tsamba. Mungagwiritse ntchito singano kapena kuyankhula, peyala ya rabara, syringe, tepi yothandizira, ndi zina zotero. Koma simungathe kusonkhanitsa mercury ndi chotsuka chotsuka, icho chidzawombera mpweya kwambiri, ndipo simungathe kusankha mercury kwathunthu. Ngati mipira ikugwedeza ming'alu, mungathe kuwaza mchenga mmalo mwake - ndiye zidzakhala zosavuta kuzigwiritsira ndi burashi. Kapena pezani malowo ndi ubweya wa thonje womwe unayambira mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate (0, 2% - 2 g wa potassium permanganate pa madzi okwanira 1 litre). Ngati mercury yafalikira pa sofa, mpando kapena porous pamwamba, ndibwino kupatsa mankhwalawa pamsana wapadera.
Mankhwalawa ayenera kutsanuliridwa mu mtsuko wa galasi ndi chivindikiro, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito njira yomweyo. Kumeneku mukufunikanso kuchotsa mercury, yomwe siidatuluke ndipo ili ndi mankhwala osweka a thermometer. Osayika mtsuko wa mercury pafupi ndi zinthu zamoto (juvu, mabatire). Ndibwino kuti mutulutse pa khonde kapena kuyika pawindo.
Komanso, ziyenera kutetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pamalo omwe mercury thermometer inathyoledwa ndipo mercury inataya. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyisakaniza ndi njira yothetsera potassium permanganate kapena njira ya mchere wa sopo malinga ndi kake: 30 g soda ndi 40 g sopo (zomwe zimapangidwanso bwino kuti zisungunuke pamadzi) pa lita imodzi ya madzi, kapena njira yothetsera madzi. Kuchokera ku chigamba, chomwe chinapukuta pansi, ndibwino kuti chichotsedwe, komanso kutsekedwa mu kapu ya galasi. Ndikofunika kupukuta ndi mipando, yomwe ili pafupi ndi malo opanda chitetezo. Madzi amachititsa kuti madzi asagonje. Njira iyi iyenera kuima pamalo pafupi ndi theka ndi theka - masiku awiri. Ndiye yambani ndi madzi ozizira.
Chipinda chiyenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira. Koma palibe, mpaka mutatola mipira ya mercury, musalole kulemba! Chabwino, ngati kutentha kunja kwawindo kuli kocheperapo kusiyana ndi m'chipindamo - kutentha, kutulutsa utsi woopsa kumachepetsedwa. Choncho, ngati pali mpweya wabwino, mukhoza kuutentha.
Mmene mungakhalire ngati mercury ikugunda zovala zanu? Izi ziyenera kutsukidwa (osati kuika makina osamba) m'madzi ozizira kwa nthawi, ndiye theka la ora mu sopo-soda solution (pa 70-80 0 C) ndikutsukidwa kwa mphindi 20 mu mankhwala amchere ndipo potsiriza mutsuke m'madzi ozizira.
Kodi mungatani ndi botolo lokhala ndi mercury? Njira yophweka ndiyo kuponyera mu zotayira zonyansa. Koma popanda mankhwala apadera, mercury idzamasula zinthu zoopsa ndi anthu ena angathenso kuvutika: magalamu awiri a mercury adzaipitsa mamita zikwi zisanu ndi imodzi za mpweya. Simusowa kuti muzitsuka mu sewer system - mercury idzakhala pamipope ya sewer, komwe idzafunikila kuti ikhale yovuta. Kusiyanitsa kolondola ndiko kutengedwera ku dipatimenti ya moto, sitima ya MES, kupita ku SES, kapena kuitanitsa oimira chipani cha Civil Defense ndi Emergencies kunyumba.
Pambuyo poyeretsa, muyenera kupanga njira zingapo kuti muteteze: yanizani khosi lanu ndi potsimikiza potassium permanganate, muthamange mano anu, mutenge mapiritsi angapo a malasha opangira, muzimwa madzi ambiri.