Mbiri yochepa ya Faina Ranevskaya

Kodi pali mbiri yakale ya mkazi wozizwitsa? Inde ayi, chifukwa Faina Ranevskaya anali ndi moyo wosangalatsa komanso wautali. Biography Ranevskaya anayamba m'zaka za m'ma 1800. Choncho, ngakhale mwachidule mbiri ya faina Ranevskaya mwachionekere idzatenga ndime zingapo.

Koma, ngakhale zili choncho, tidzayesa kulemba mbiri yaifupi ya Faina Ranevskaya. Tsiku la kubadwa kwa Faina linali la makumi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri (7), malinga ndi kalembedwe kameneka kanali tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri cha mwezi wa August. Maonekedwe a Ranevskaya anali mu 1886. Zithunzi za wojambula wamkulu komanso wosaiwalika zinayamba mumzinda wa Taganrog. Moyo wake sunali waufupi, unawotchedwa m'banja lachiyuda lolemera.

Bambo a Ranevskaya anali ndi mafakitale omwe ankapanga kupanga mapezi owuma, nyumba zingapo, sitolo komanso ngakhale steamer. Banja la Ranevskaya linali ndi ana ambiri: anyamata awiri ndi atsikana awiri. Mwatsoka, moyo wa mchimwene wamng'onoyo unali waufupi, ndipo Faina ali ndi zaka zisanu, adamwalira. Koma, ngakhale izi, zikuwoneka, m'banja lotere, biography ya mtsikanayo iyenera kukhala yopambana komanso yosangalatsa. Komabe, mtsikanayo anali wosasangalala, ngakhale kuti ankakonda kwambiri mayi, mchimwene ndi mlongo. Vuto lonse linali lakuti Faina adaluma pang'ono kuyambira ali mwana. Iye anali ndi manyazi kwambiri pa izi, kotero iye samadziwa momwe angalankhulire ndi anzako.

Makolo ake anam'patsa kwa masewera a atsikana, koma mtsikanayo sanapulumutse makalasi atatu kumeneko. Iye sakanakhoza kuwerenga kapena kulemba, iye sakufuna kuti aziyankhulana ndi aliyense. Pamapeto pake, iye anayamba kupempha makolo kuti amutenge kumeneko. Amayi ndi abambo anapita kukakumana ndi Faina ndipo anamutengera kunyumba. Choncho, mtsikanayo analandira homuweki. Kuwonjezera pa kuphunzira nkhani zambiri, iye ankachitanso zida zoimba, kuimba, ndi kuphunzira zinenero zakunja. Faina ankakonda kuwerenga. Mabuku ake anali dziko lamatsenga, limene mungathe kuthawa pamene chirichonse chozungulira ndi imvi ndi yunifolomu yambiri.

Ali ndi zaka khumi ndi ziwiri, mtsikanayo adawona filimu yake yoyamba. Inde, filimu ya nthawi imeneyo inali yosiyana kwambiri ndi yamakono, koma inakantha Ranevskaya. Msungwanayo anali wokondwa ndi zomwe adawona pawindo. Posakhalitsa, atatha kujambula kanema, Faina anazindikira kuti nayenso anali wokondweretsa masewerawo. Anayamba kupita ku zisudzo za mzindawo zomwe masewera a masewerawo ankasewera. Mwa njirayi, tiyenera kudziwa kuti Ranevskaya si dzina lenileni la actress, koma ndi pseudonym. Anachotsedwa ku play yotchuka ya Chekhov "Cherry Orchard". Tsiku lina mtsikanayo anali kuyenda pamsewu ndipo anatenga ndalama kuchokera m'thumba lake ndi mphepo yamkuntho. Koma, mmalo moyamba kuwasonkhanitsa, mtsikanayo anayamba kuseka ndikukamba za momwe iwo akuwulukira bwino. Mnyamatayo yemwe adatsagana ndi Faina adanena kuti nthawi yomweyo anali ngati Ranevskaya. Patapita nthawi, chidziwitso chimenechi chinakhazikitsidwa, ndipo patapita zaka anakhala ovomerezeka. Faina ankamudziwa nthawi zonse kuti adzakhala katswiri wa zisudzo.

Choyamba m'banjamo chinali chilakolako chofala. Bamboyo, yemwe sanawone tanthauzo la ntchitoyi, adamulangiza kuti ayende ku kampu ya masewero, yomwe mtsikanayo adamaliza kumalo ochitira masewero kunja. Koma atayamba kulankhula mozama za zilakolako zake, papa adachita manyazi. Komabe, Faina anali wolimba mtima. Inali masewera omwe amamuthandiza kutsegulira, kuphunzira kusuntha bwino ndikuyankhula mwanjira yomwe ikanabisala. Choncho, ngakhale kuti abambo ake ankatsutsa, mu 1915 Faina adamumirira ndipo anapita ku Moscow. Ndiye mtsikanayo anali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi. Koma, mwatsoka, likululi silinavomereze Faina ndi manja. Msungwanayo sakanakhoza kupita ku sukulu iliyonse ya zisudzo. Pambuyo pake, anayamba kuphunzira mu malo apadera a maphunziro, koma bambo anga sanafune kumuthandiza pa zachuma. Msungwana mwiniwake sakanatha kupeza malipiro okwanira kuti apereke maphunziro. Zikuwoneka kuti mungaiwale za maloto.

Koma adagwira maso a Geltzer. Iye analangiza mtsikanayo ku malo ena owonetsera pafupi ndi Moscow. Inde, Ranevskaya anayenera kusewera kumeneko muwonjezera, koma izi sizinamuwopsyeze. Pambuyo pake, pa siteji ya masewerawo, amatha kukhala ndi ochita masewero otchuka monga Petipa, Pevtsov, Sadovskaya. Pomwepo, Pevtsov adangoganizira za talente mu Faina wamng'ono ndipo adati tsiku lina tsiku lidzafika pamene msungwana uyu adzakhala wotchuka wotchuka. Ndiye Faina anapita kusewera ku Kerch, komabe ntchitoyi siinapambane. Msungwanayo ankachita masewera owonetsera masewera a Kislovodsk, Feodosia, Rostov-on-Don.

Ndiyeno kusintha kunayamba. Banja la Faina, pozindikira kuti sadzakhala ndi moyo wamba m'dziko lino, mwamsanga anachoka kunja, akusiya mtsikanayo yekha. Sikudziwika kuti zikanamuchitikira bwanji ngati sakudziwana ndi Pavel Wolf ndi Max Voloshin. Awiriwa adatha kukhala ndi moyo ndipo adakhala mabwenzi abwino. Pambuyo pa chisinthiko, Faina adakhala nthawi yaitali m'malo osiyanasiyana. Koma, ngakhale kuti ali ndi luso lake, Faina kwa nthawi yaitali sanakhale wotchuka wotchuka. M'mabwalo ena omwe sanapatsidwe maudindo abwino, penapake iye sanagonane ndi utsogoleri. Ndiyeno iye analowa mu kanema. Apa ndiye kuti ora lake labwino kwambiri linayamba. Filimu yoyamba yomwe adasewera, filimuyo "Pyshka" inakhala yabwino kwambiri moti inayamikiridwa ndi Romain Roland mwiniwake. Pambuyo pake, Fain anaitanidwa ku zithunzi zosiyanasiyana. Koma, mwinamwake, chimodzi mwa zosawalika kwambiri kwa ife, mwinamwake, chimakhalabe "Woyambitsa". Pambuyo pake, mawu ochokera pamenepo nthawi zambiri timabwereza kuti: "Mulia, musandipangitse mantha." Ngakhale Ranevskaya anakhumudwa kuti aliyense amayanjana ndi Mulia, m'pofunika kuzindikira kuti ntchitoyi inamupangitsa kudziwika.

Chinthu china chosaiƔalika ndi Cinderella wa amayi opeza. Koma pambali pawo, Ranevskaya ankachita mafilimu osiyanasiyana. Iye adawonekera pa siteji ya masewera pafupi kufa. Mzimayiyu nthawi zonse wakhala wosungulumwa. Malingana ndi iye, iye anawotchedwa ali mnyamata ndipo sankafunanso kuthana ndi amuna. Ranevskaya anali mayi wodabwitsa. Amatha kunena zonse molunjika, kukhumudwitsa, koma, panthawi yomweyo, alapa moona mtima ndi kupepesa. Malingana ndi Faina, iye anali ndi ntchito yokha ndipo ankangokwiyira ena nthawi ndi nthawi.

Mpaka tsiku lomalizira Faina, ngakhale kuti anali ndi matenda a mtima, adakhalabe ndi moyo komanso akuyenda. Anamwalira ndi chibayo, osakhala moyo zaka ziwiri zisanafike zaka makumi asanu ndi anayi.