Mankhwala apamwamba m'masamulo a mankhwala


Chinsinsi chokhalira ndi zisindikizo zodabwitsa sizitsimikiziranso kuti mankhwala amakupulumutsani ku zizindikiro zosasangalatsa. Nthaŵi zina chinyengo chimene chinagulidwa ku pharmacy chingabweretse mavuto aakulu. Mwatsoka, mankhwala osokoneza bongo pamasamu a mankhwala, ndipo nthawi zambiri mankhwala osokoneza bongo amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Kodi wogula yekha angadziteteze bwanji kwa iwo? Ndipo kodi n'zotheka kusiyanitsa mankhwala apamwamba kuchokera kwachinyengo nokha?

Mu April 2009, khoti la Moscow linapereka chigamulo motsutsana ndi oyang'anira akuluakulu a Bryntsalov-A, amene anaimbidwa mlandu wopanga mankhwala onyenga. Pa mndandanda wa zolakwika, panali mankhwala odziwika bwino monga mezim, no-spa, baralgin, nootropil. Kugulitsa mankhwala achinyengo kunkachitika kudzera m'makampani oyendetsa. Panthawiyi, maofesiwa adatenga matani 200 a mankhwala osokonezedwa mwalamulo.

Ndipo miyezi iŵiri isanayambe, wina, mndandanda wa phokoso wokhudzana ndi mankhwala ukukambidwa m'maganizo. Anthu 23 anavulazidwa chifukwa chakuti ampoules mmalo mwa chinthu chimodzi chinali china - poizoni. Ozunzidwa awiri sanapulumutsidwe.

M'NTHAWI YA RISK

Tsoka, masiku ano munthu sangakhale wotsimikiza kuti ali ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kawirikawiri, mankhwala omwe amadziwika kwambiri akugwedezeka. Zingakhale zokonzekera ndalama zamakampani akunja, komanso mankhwala okwera mtengo a opanga nyumba. Koma kaŵirikaŵiri chidwi cha anthu achinyengo amakopeka ndi mankhwala a gulu la mtengo wapakati. Mankhwala otchipa sizothandiza kopanga. Ndipo okwera mtengo kwambiri, monga lamulo, ali ndi madigiri ambiri a chitetezo.

Mu "gulu loopsya" - antibiotics, multivitamins, mtima wamtima ndi mankhwala okhudza m'mimba. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo angakhale oletsa kupweteka, ndi insulini, ndi Viagra. Kawirikawiri pa tsamba la pharmacies muli mankhwala onyenga ochokera ku Russia. Kawirikawiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zosafunika, zomwe zimagulidwa ku India ndi China.

KODI MALANGIZO OTHANDIZA KODI MALANGIZO OYERA?

Mankhwala apamwamba akhoza kukhala a mitundu itatu: kutsanzira, mankhwala osinthidwa ndi placebo. Zotsatirazi ndizo mankhwala wamba. Kukonzekera koteroko kulibe mankhwala othandiza ndipo, monga lamulo, ndi 100% yopangidwa ndi kudzaza. Zikhoza kukhala talcum, choko, sucrose kapena lactose, zopaka zakudya. Azimayi ena ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagwiritsa ntchito dongo, ufa, soda komanso ngakhale mano kapena detergent.

Zonyenga, kutsanzira mankhwala oyambirira, ali ndi mankhwala othandizira, omwe amasiyana ndi omwe amanenedwa. Kawirikawiri, anthu owopsa amatengera analog yotsika mtengo. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha zotsatira zoipa kuchokera kwa kayendedwe kawo.

Ponena za mankhwala osinthidwa, ali ndi ndondomeko yomweyo yogwiritsira ntchito monga kukonzekera koyambirira, koma pangТono kakang'ono, ndipo nthawizina kapena yaikulu.

ZIMENE MUNGACHITE NDI MANKHWALA?

Ngati mukumva kuti thupi lanu likuwonongeka mutatha kumwa mankhwala, nthawi yomweyo pitani ku ambulansi. Asanafike madokotala, yesetsani kumamwa madzi owiritsa ophweka ngati n'kotheka. Mukhoza kuyesa kusanza.

Mu mankhwala otsika kwambiri, akatswiri amapezanso zinthu zoopsa, pakhala pali milandu yomwe poizoni yowonongeka imapezedwa m'mapiritsi onyenga kuti ayang'ane kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndipo asidi ndi mtsogoleri amapezeka pokonzekera mutu.

Zopanda phindu ndi mankhwala opangidwa omwe adatengedwa kapena kusungidwa muzolakwika. Komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo ali ndi mapulitsi otha msinkhu, omwe amakhalanso osadziwika pamasamu a pharmacies. Kaŵirikaŵiri amawononga mankhwala osayenera chifukwa cha pittance, amawaika m'maphukusi atsopanowu, omwe amasonyeza masamu okhalamo. Nthawi zina opanga makinawo amangobwereza malemba akale pamaphukusi ndi zatsopano.

Zotsatira za kutenga mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena osayenera zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri. Ngati mankhwalawa alibe mankhwala, wodwalayo sakulandira chithandizo chochiritsira chomwe chafotokozedwa m'mawu okhudzana ndi mankhwala, ndipo izi zingachititse zotsatira zoopsa kwambiri. Ndizovuta kuganiza kuti munthu wadwala ndi mtima, ndipo mmalo mwa mankhwala opulumutsa, amatenga "dummy" bodza ...

Kodi mungasiyanitse bwanji chinyengo?

Akatswiri amati ziphuphu zikukhala "khalidwe" kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa chake zimasiyanitsa ndi mankhwala oyambirira ndi zovuta ngakhale katswiri. Komabe, mukhoza kudziletsa kuti musagule mankhwala achinyengo. Zokwanira kutsatira malamulo ophweka:

1. Werengani malangizo mosamala. Iyenera kukhala ndi tsatanetsatane wa mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, "makapu amtengo wapatali a gelatin, zoyera za capsule - ufa wouma wa mtundu wa beige." Zimasonyezanso kuti zingatheke kuti zikhale zowonongeka, zimalongosola mwatsatanetsatane makapu, maadiresi onse ndi nambala ya foni ya wopanga ndi zina zothandiza. Ngati mankhwalawa akuoneka mosiyana ndi malangizidwe ake, mwina akhoza kubodza.

2. Nthawi zina phukusi lolakwika lingakhale chizindikiro cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ngati mutenga mankhwala a wofananayo nthawi zonse, sungani bokosi ndi malangizo. Zimathandiza poyerekeza. Samalani kukula kwa mawonedwe, njira yogwiritsira ntchito tsiku lotsiriza, chiwerengero cha mankhwala. Mng'oma wosasindikizidwa bwino, wosayesedwa kapena wosasunthika pamabuku, shibki mu malangizo, tsiku losavomerezeka latha - izi ndizo chifukwa chodandaula.

3. Funsani ku pharmacy kalata yotsatizana yomwe imatsimikizira ubwino wa mankhwala omwe mukufuna kugula.

4. Yesetsani kumwa mankhwala pokhapokha mukafunse dokotala. Ngati mumamwa mapiritsi kapena mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala, koma musamve zotsatirapo, kapena ngati thanzi lanu likula, muuzeni dokotala mwamsanga.

Pali kuthekera kuti mankhwalawa ndi opusitsa ndipo chinthu chogwiritsira ntchito sichipezeka. Nchifukwa chiyani mumatenga mapiritsi amenewa?

MMENE MUNGATETE BWANJI KUCHOKERA?

Mauthenga ogwira ntchito pa mankhwala osakanidwa kapena osakwanira pazitsulo zamagetsi amapezeka ku Roszdravnadzor pafupi mwamsanga pambuyo pozindikira. Choncho, musanagule mankhwala, ndibwino kuti muwone ngati zili mundandanda wa "wakuda".

Nthawi zonse yesetsani kugula mankhwala mu pharmacies akuluakulu. Muzitsulo zamagetsi ndi zitsulo m'misewu kapena m'mabwalo apansi, chiopsezo chogula mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mankhwala ochepetsedwa kapena ocheperako amachulukitsa khola zingapo. Mwachidule simungagule mankhwala kudzera pa intaneti. Ndi bwino kufufuza pa intaneti kuti mumve zambiri zokhudza mankhwala ndi maadiresi a ma pharmacies enieni kumene mungathe kuwerengera bwinobwino ndikuwona zofunikira zonse.

Chifukwa china chokhala tcheru ndi mtengo wochepa kwambiri wa mankhwala. Choncho, musakhale aulesi kuitanira apolisi akuluakulu a boma ndi apadera. Ngati mankhwalawa ndi otchipa kusiyana ndi a mzindawo, akhoza kukhala wabodza kapena atatha.

KODI MUZENERA KUCHITA CHIYANI NGATI MUGWIRITSA NTCHITO KUDZIWA?

1. Pitirizani mankhwala ndi papepala.

2. Onaninso buku la mankhwala. Kawirikawiri, ogwira ntchito za mankhwala amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso zipangizo zamankhwala. Koma izi ndi zoona zokhazokha za mankhwala abwino.

3. Mu mankhwala aliwonse, matelefoni a dipatimenti yaumoyo ndi mabungwe owonetsetsa ayenera kuwonetsedwa momveka bwino. Ngati munagula mankhwala okayikitsa, muyenera kuonana ndi Roszdravnadzor. Komabe, ngati mukukayikira za mankhwala omwe "zowonjezereka zowonjezera" zikulembedwa, ndiye kuti njira yanu ili mu Rospotrebnadzor. Mwachizolowezi, zakudya zowonjezera zakudya si mankhwala.

4. Ngati mankhwala ogulitsidwa amachititsa kuti mumakayikire kwambiri, mungathe kuyankhulana pakati pa kuyang'anira khalidwe la mankhwala ndikuchita kafukufuku. Ngati mankhwalawo atsimikizika kuti ndi opusitsa ndipo amavomereza kuti ndi owopsa kwa thanzi, mukhoza kupita kukhoti.

Kodi idzatha liti?

Akatswiri ambiri amatsimikiza kuti: madokotala ndi makampani akuluakulu amadziwa kuti amagula mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Vuto ndilokuti lamulo la Russia silinayambe kulamulidwa ndipo silipereka chilango chokhwima chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kukopa chinyengo ku akaunti ndi kovuta kwambiri. Kawirikawiri kampani yomwe imagwera kugulitsidwa kwa mankhwala ochepa kapena achinyengo imadulidwa mpaka rubulu 50,000. Zoonadi, ntchito ikuchitika tsopano pa malamulo omwe amapereka chigamulo cholakwira kupanga mankhwala achinyengo komanso osayenera. Koma zonse zimakhala zovuta chifukwa chakuti makampani akuluakulu apakati akugulitsa ndikugawira mankhwala ku Russia, omwe ndi ovuta kwambiri kuwatsatira. Yerekezerani: ku Germany muli makampani pafupifupi khumi, ku France - anayi chabe. Ndipo chokhumudwitsa kwambiri n'chakuti, malinga ndi akatswiri, chifukwa cha vutoli, chiwerengero cha mankhwala onyenga chikhoza kukula. Choncho, khalani maso ndipo samalani!