Kodi maantibayotiki ndi otani?
Chomwecho ndi zinthu zomwe zimabweretsa tizilombo towononga mazilombo ena. Koma kaŵirikaŵiri maantibayotiki amasokonezeka ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, antibacterial. Zomaliza - kulengedwa kwa manja a munthu, ndiko kuti, osati kutengedwa kuchokera ku chirengedwe, koma kupangidwa mu labotale. Izi zimaphatikizapo, mwachitsanzo, kutsegula pamaso pa penicillin sulfonamides (streptocides, mabishopu), komanso nitrofurans ndi fluoroquinolones. Amachita, zikuwoneka, ndipo chofunikira kwambiri, zotsatira za kudya kwawo thupi la munthu ndizofanana ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo. Ndi chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka. Komabe, pali lingaliro lalikulu la mankhwala oletsa antibacterial, omwe ali ndi maantibayotiki.
N'chifukwa chiyani amapereka antibiotics kwa ARVI?
Ndipotu palibe mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti mabakiteriya aphedwe, koma osati ma virus. Ma ARV ambiri ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa, amachiza mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi ma immunoglobulins. Koma ngakhale chimfine chodziwika chosiyana ndi chikhalidwe cha kuchepetsa chitetezo chochepa chitetezo chingapangitse vuto ngati matenda a bakiteriya. Chizindikiro chake chodziwika ndi kutentha komwe sikungathe masiku asanu kapena poyamba kumachepa, kenaka amalumpha mwamsanga. Pokhapokha dokotalayo akulamula mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Koma "kulandira" mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito antibiotic pa nthawi ya ARVI sikungateteze motsutsana ndi mabakiteriya, koma zimathandiza. Ndipotu, antibiotic imapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Ndi matenda ati omwe safuna mankhwala ochizira ma antibiotic?
Kuwonjezera pa ARVI, matenda ambiri amayamba ndi mavairasi: fuluwenza, chimfine, rubella, nkhuku, chiwindi cha parotitis, matenda a chiwindi A, B, C, matenda opatsirana a mononucleosis. Popanda mavuto, iwo samachizidwa ndi maantibayotiki. Mankhwala a antibacterial sagwira ntchito pa bowa, mphutsi ndi lamblia. Matenda ena - diphtheria, botulism, tetanus - amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya, koma ndi poizoni kuti ma microbes amatha kusungunuka. Choncho, amachizidwa ndi sera ya antitoxic.
Kusuta kwa mankhwala opha tizilombo
Mankhwala opha majeremusi amatha kukhala ovuta, koma mwatsoka, zomwe zimawopsya sizofala. Mwa njirayi, ngati mankhwala atchulidwa "ku adiresi", zovuta sizingatheke, chifukwa matenda ambiri a bakiteriya amachepetsa kukonzekera kwa thupi. Koma ngati mankhwalawa atayikidwa molakwika, chiopsezo chotenga matendawa ndi chokwanira, musatenge antihistamines; zazomwe zimayambitsa zowopsa ndikofunikira kudziwitsa dokotala mwamsanga, iye amaletsa mankhwala ndikuiika ndi wina. Pa zomwe anachita kale, ndiyeneranso kudziŵitsa dokotala kuti sananene kuti akuyenera kukonzekera mwadala.
N'chifukwa chiyani maantibayotiki ayenera kuledzera mpaka mapeto?
Ngati antibiotic imasankhidwa molondola, idzasintha mkhalidwewo kwa masiku amodzi kapena awiri. Koma ngati musiya sukuluyi, mabakiteriya otsala m'thupi adzayamba kukana mankhwala, kubwezeretsa kudzachitika, komwe kudzachiritsidwa kwambiri. Muzovuta kwambiri, monga lamulo, antibiotic imaperekedwa mkati mwa masiku awiri kapena atatu mutasiya kutentha. Koma osati nthawi zonse: angina, mwachitsanzo, amachiritsidwa masiku osachepera khumi.
Bwanji osamupatsa mwana mankhwala opha tizilombo?
Mankhwala oletsa antibacterial - mitundu mazana angapo. Ndipo onse amachita mosiyana ndi mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana. Ena - "akatswiri" opapatiza, ena - mbiri yakale. Mankhwala osayenerera adzakhala opanda ntchito (ndipo kuchedwa nthawi zina kumayambitsa imfa ofanana ngati ndi matenda). Ngakhale mlingo wa mankhwalawo uyenera kusankhidwa osati motsatira ndondomekoyi mubokosi, koma payekha, malinga ndi msinkhu wa mwana, kulemera, matenda ozunguliridwa ndi odwala, ndi zina zotero.
Chifukwa chiyani simungagwiritse ntchito antibiotic nokha, yomwe idathandizidwa kamodzi?
Mwana wa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ali ndi zaka ziwiri ndi zisanu, akusowa mankhwala, ngakhale ali ofanana. Nthawi yachiwiri mankhwalawo sangagwire ntchito. Ndipo dokotala, posadziwa kuti makolo omwe akudziimira okhawo amapereka ndalama zingati, zimakhala zovuta kusankha mankhwala othandiza.
Kodi ndi mankhwala otani omwe ali omasuka kwa ana?
Ndisavuta kupanga mapiritsi osungunuka, syrups, suspensions ndi powders, madontho. Majekeseni - nthawi zambiri.
Kodi antibacterial mankhwala akutsutsana ndi ana?
Fluoroquinolones angayambitse matenda aakulu; aminoglycosides - kupatsa mavuto m'makutu ndi impso. Tetracycline imayambitsa mano obereka mano, kotero sichidaperekedwa kwa ana osachepera asanu ndi atatu. Madokotala ena amakhulupirira kuti ana sayenera kupereka mankhwala oletsa ma antibayotiki a m'badwo wachinayi, omwe ali okwanira kuti atenge kamodzi patsiku: akuphwanya thupi. Komabe, pakati pa madokotala palinso maganizo osiyana.
Kodi ma antibiotic nthawi zonse amachititsa dysbacteriosis?
Maantibayotiki, kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, panthawi imodzimodziyo amaletsa zomera zowoneka bwino za thupi. Koma osati onse komanso osati nthawi zonse. Ma antibayotiki ambiri amachititsa kuti zisokonezeke m'mimba ya m'mimba. Dysbacteriosis ndizovuta kuchitika ngati njira ya mankhwala ndi yaitali, komanso mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Ngati lacto- ndi bifidobacteria imagwiritsidwa ntchito kubwezeretsa zomera za m'mimba, maphunzirowo ayenera kukhala osachepera milungu iwiri.