Kudandaula kumatanthauzanso kuswa kwa kayendedwe ka mawu, kuwonetsetsa kwake ndi nyimbo. Zimapezeka kwa ana chifukwa cha kusokonezeka m'magulu osiyanasiyana a zida zankhulidwe. Mankhwala amasiku ano amachititsa zibambo za ana m'njira zingapo komanso njira zowonjezera kulankhula kwa ana.
Njira zothandizira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza anthu kuyambira kale ka Hippocrates, Celsus, Aristotle, Galen, Avicenna m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Njira zochiritsira zokha zokha sizikwanira kuchotsa mwana wamantha, koma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri monga Kuwonjezera pa njira zoyenera zothandizira.
Njira yopangira opaleshoni. Njira iyi yothandizira kukhwima yayigwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira m'nthawi ya atumwi. n. e. ndi kupitilira mpaka pakati pa zaka za XIX. Komabe, m'zaka zotsatira adakhala ndi lingaliro lakuti njira yopaleshoni ndi yopanda phindu ndipo panthawi yomweyi ndi yoopsa pomvera (Bonnet, Antill, Dionysus, Dieffenbach, Petit, Aeginsky, Fabricius, etc.). Njira imeneyi yokhala ndi chibwibwi inapezeka pambali ya lingaliro lakuti kugunda ndi chifukwa cha ziwalo za thupi zomwe zimatchulidwa kapena ziwalo zofooka za mimba.
Mankhwala ochiritsira anali opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Njira ya Psychotherapeutic. Matenda a psychotherapeutic atha kugwira ntchito yochiritsira chibwibwi kuyambira nthawi imene kumenyedwa kumawoneka ngati matenda osokoneza bongo. Zipsepse, Netkachev, ndi ena adapereka njira iyi yochiritsira chithandizo chofunikira kwambiri. Kuthamanga kunkaonedwa, poyamba, monga kuvutika maganizo. Pogwirizana ndi izi, njira zothandizira mwana wolumala zidasankhidwa mothandizidwa ndi zikoka zawo pa psyche yake.
Njira zopangira. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumaphatikizapo kupititsa patsogolo zolankhulidwe zoyenera mwa mwanayo kudzera muzochitika zonse zovuta zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zimakhala zovuta pang'onopang'ono, zomwe ziyenera kuphatikizapo zigawo ziwiri za kulankhula ndi kulankhula. Njira zoterezi zinagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Gutzman, Himiller, Itar, Dengardt, Kussmaul, Cohen, Lee, Andres.
Zochitika zachipatala ndi zamaphunziro. Amakhulupirira kuti njira yoyamba yothandizira komanso yophunzitsira mwana yemwe akudwala chibwibwi inaperekedwa mu ndondomeko ya IA Sikorsky. (1889) ndi wophunzira wake Kh Khmervsky. (1897).
Kotero, Sikorsky I.A. pa chithandizo cha kuluma kwa ana akulimbikitsidwa:
- masewero olimbitsa thupi (zochita zophunzitsira mawu, kupuma, kufotokoza, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kulankhula);
- kugwiritsira ntchito matenda opatsirana pogonana, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kulengedwa kwabwino kwa mwanayo, kukhudzidwa mtima kwake, kuphatikizidwa kwa pang'onopang'ono za kuyankhula, etc.);
- mankhwala amphamvu ndi mankhwala (magalimoto olimbitsa thupi, physiotherapy, mankhwala).
Posachedwapa, madandaulo a psychotherapeutic athandizidwa kwambiri pa umunthu wa mwana yemwe akudwala chibwibwi, pambali pa njira zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa akatswiri a zaumoyo a ku Russia, Sechenov IM, Pavlova IP, komanso otsatira awo, akatswiriwo anasankha njira zabwino zothetsera mabodza ndipo amatha kufotokozera njira zamakono zolimbitsa ana.
Njira yovuta. Kuthamanga ndi matenda ovuta kwambiri. Zimabweretsa zifukwa zingapo - zachilengedwe, maganizo ndi chikhalidwe.
Njira yamakono yolimbana ndi chibwibwi imatanthawuza kuchiritsa ndi kuphunzitsa pazochitika zosiyanasiyana za matenda a maganizo a mwana amene akuvutika ndi chibwibwi, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana ndi khama la akatswiri a mbiri zosiyanasiyana. Njira zothandizira ndi zachipatala zimaphatikizapo njira zamankhwala ndi kukonzekera, mankhwala opatsirana, psychotherapy, chithandizo cha kulankhula, mankhwala othandizira, ntchito za maphunziro. Cholinga chawo ndi kulimbikitsa ndi kusintha njira zamanjenje ndipo, makamaka, thupi lonse la mwanayo; kuthana ndi maganizo olakwika ku vuto loyankhula, kufooketsa ndi kuthetsa kuthetsa mawu, kuphatikizapo matenda opuma ndi mau, kulankhula ndi magalimoto; kusinthika kwa ana omwe ali ndi chibwibwi. Masiku ano, kuyesetsa kwa akatswiri kumapangitsa kuti aziphunzira mwakuya za umunthu waumunthu wa ana omwe akuluma.