Wolemba makhalidwe abwino Tertullian adawatcha akazi "chipata cha mdierekezi." Tsitsi la golide tsopano linali ndi chikopa choyera, ndipo ma wigs anali oletsedwa - Madalitso a Mulungu sanatengere tsitsi la anthu ena. Pa nthawiyi, mtundu wa tsitsi lakuda unasangalatsidwa ndi amayi. Kuti akwaniritse izi, amagwiritsa ntchito maphikidwe odabwitsa komanso owopsa. Mmodzi mwa iwo anauzidwa kuti aziphika mu mafuta pamoto wotsika magazi a ng'ombe yakuda, chipolopolo cha kamba ndi khosi la mbalame yachilendo, gaggoo. Masiku ena makumi asanu ndi limodzi mu vinyo wosasa, pamodzi ndi zomera zosiyana za leeches zakuda, mpaka zitasungunuka. Pa nthawi yomweyi, ophika nsomba analangiza ogula pakhungu lawo kuti asunge bata m'kamwa mwao - kuti asalankhule zambiri komanso asapaka mano. Ndipo akazi chifukwa cha kusintha kwakukulu anali okonzekera chirichonse! Njira yokongola yabwino imatsegulidwa - za izo mu nkhaniyi.
Kubwezera kwa brunette
M'zaka zamkati zapitazi, zodzoladzola zinali pamwamba - chifukwa cha zowonjezereka, zamatsenga ndi zamatsenga. Maphikidwe pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta a njoka ndi anyani, mazira a nkhuku, nsomba za abulu ndi zina zosakanikirana zinkawasungidwa mwamseri kwambiri. Mankhwala ochiritsira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri: tsitsi la tsitsi lopukuta zipatso, phulusa la nkhuni ndi kufalitsa zitsamba zosiyanasiyana. Tsitsili linali lopaka ndi ufa wa masamba, kotero kuti "mungu" sunathe, tsitsi linasungunuka bwino - koma patapita nthawi, mafuta anayamba kukula, izi zonse zinatha ... Ndipo amunawo adagawana pakati pa chikondi cha pansi pano ndi kupembedza kwapadoni kwa mkazi wa mtima. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa Middle Ages a Middle Ages ayi, ngakhale umboni wamabuku wamba - malingaliro ndi thupi - chikondi pakati pa mwamuna ndi mkazi chapulumuka. Mwinamwake panalibe. Chikondi ndi ukwati zinagawidwa kwambiri: ukwati - malonda oyera, chikondi - ndakatulo yoyera. M'zaka za zana la chisanu ndi chiwiri, chitsanzo chapadera cha chikondi chinayamba - chikondi cha courtois, courtly, kapena chivalrous love. Chimake chake: khosi la khoti, wolemba ndakatulo (southern France) kapena Minnesinger (Germany), nyimboyi inasonyeza chikondi chake kwa mkazi wokongola, ndithudi anakwatira. Chikondi changwiro sichinali chosangalatsa - apo ayi chomwe chiri chapadera ngati mayiyo alipo! The brunettes anali kunyalanyazidwa - zonse mantha anali opangidwa kwa blondes. Tsitsi la mkazi wokongola nthawi zonse wakhala "golidi," nkhope yake ndi "yoyera ngati kakombo," milomo yake "imakhala ngati duwa." Ndipo mu buku lodziwika bwino la "Tristan ndi Isolde" khalidwe lalikulu likukankhidwa pakati pa Isolde - Belreduka wokwatirana ndi Belokura wokondedwa. Koma kodi munthu wathanzi angakhale wotani, osataya mtima, amanyalanyaza kuitana kwa thupi, kuima pansi pa khonde la kukongola kosatheka? Malingaliro ake okhudzidwa nawo anali opangidwa mwaulemu ndi atsikana apadziko lapansi - ma brunettes oyaka, amene anapatsa amuna chilakolako, ndipo sankaganiza zowerengeka. Tsitsi lakuda linakhala chizindikiro champhamvu kwambiri: iwo amaimira malo obisika kwambiri a chikazi - pubis. Koma anthu a tsitsi lofiira amayenda pamphepete mwa tsamba - tsitsi loyaka moto lomwe linkatanthauzira chinyengo, kotero mwini wawo nthawi zambiri ankawotchedwa pamtengo ngati mfiti. Pa kujambula kwa nthawi imeneyo, ochimwa ndi akazi omwe ali ndi khalidwe lolimba ankawonetsedwa ngati tsitsi lofiira.
Kubadwa kwa blonde
Lingaliro la "blond" linawonekera pa nthawi ya chibadwidwe: kwa nthawi yoyamba kulembedwa, mawuwa adatchulidwa ku England mu 1481 ndipo adatanthauzira mawu akuti "pakati pa golide wamphongo wamphongo". M'nthaŵi ya Elizabeth I ku England, maonekedwe anali okondedwa. Mwa ulemu anali muyezo wachifumu: mphumi yakumwamba, nkhope yoyera ndi choko, tsitsi lofiira, milomo ya pinki. Chifukwa cha kukongola, akazi amapita ku nsembe zakuda, nthawi zina kuika miyoyo yawo pachiswe. Mizere inali yojambulidwa ndi phula lamakala, yomwe inachititsa kuti masomphenyawo asawonongeke komanso akhoza kuchititsa khungu. Maonekedwe ndi malo a decollete anali odzaza ndi poizoni kutsogolera woyera ndi mercury phala. Zotsatira zake zinali zowonongeka kwa dzino, khungu lakuda, matenda ndi imfa yochepa - zinthu zoopsa zinalowa m'magazi. Ena, komabe, ankachita zinthu mwanzeru: kuti apereke khungu loyera, nthawi zonse ankasanza. Apa pali njira yamatsenga ya m'zaka za zana la 16: "Tengani njiwa zoyera ndikuzidyetsa masiku 15 okha ndi mbewu za pine; ndiye zabey, ziwalo zawo zamkati zimasakaniza ndi mkate wonyezimira, wothira mkaka wa amondi, kuwonjezera magalamu 400 a ubweya wa mthunzi ndi mafuta a nkhumba. Kusakaniza uku kuphikidwa pa kutentha kwakukulu - mudzalandira bwino nkhope zonona. " Kubwezeretsedwa kwadzabweretsa mphepo ya kusintha. Mafashoniwa ankaphatikizapo zofiira zosiyanasiyana. Botticelli anali ndi ubwino wa kukongola kwa ubweya wonyezimira m'kachisimo "Kubadwa kwa Venus", kufotokoza kukongola koyamba kwa Florence, Simonetta Vespucci. Kubweranso kwa mulungu wamkazi wachikondi ndi kukongola kwa Venus kunakhala chophiphiritsira - mkazi adachokera ku mapiri apamwamba a kupembedza kwa dziko lapansi, kupeza thupi ndi magazi. Ngakhale Petrarch akupitirizabe kupembedza Laura, bwenzi lake Giovanni Boccaccio anamanga chikumbumtima ku chilakolako chake cha thupi, chosakhudzidwa ndi "Decameron" yake.
Chodabwitsa cha "mdima wokongola"
Ku khoti la Louis XIV, chaka ndi chaka, mitsuko miwiri yokwana miyezi iwiri yapangidwe iliyonse inachotsedwa. M'nthaŵi ya Baroque, ma wigs okha anali ojambula, ndipo tsitsi, monga m'zaka za m'ma Middle Ages, linali lopaka komanso lopaka. Pofuna kuthira kununkha, nutmeg inawonjezeredwa ku ufa. Pamapeto pake zokongoletsera izi zimafika mu nthawi ya Rococo, yomwe imatengedwa nthawi yobadwa chikondi chachikondi. Komabe, nthawi ya nyengoyi idakwera ku France ndi kulephera kwa mbewu, ndipo ku Paris, sikuti ankaphika ma cookies okha, komanso ufa wothira mafutawo unali woletsedwa. Ndiye ufa wophika unagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndipo amayiwo anapitiriza kupukuta khungu ndi mafuta onyowa ndi pastes ku mercury ndi zoyera zoyera. Koma ambuye a Chingerezi amatha kukongola kwambiri, ndipo mu 1779 lamulo linaperekedwa kuti: "Mkazi wa msinkhu uliwonse, kaya ali msungwana, mkazi wokwatira kapena wamasiye yemwe, mothandizidwa ndi mafuta onunkhira, mafuta, mafuta, zidendene zapamwamba kapena crinoline, adzalongolera zomwe wapatsidwa kuchokera pamwamba amatsutsidwa ndi matsenga, ndipo ukwati wake udzathetsedwa. " Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, yemwe anali wopatsa chidwi kwambiri, adalimbikitsa anthu kuti abwerere ku moyo wonyenga wa nyumba zachifumu ndi mabwalo aakazi. Anaphunzitsa: Munthu weniweni, wachimwemwe samakhala ndi Versailles, koma m'makona a chilengedwe osatengedwa ndi chitukuko, kutali ndi maiko, mumthunzi wa mitengo ya kanjedza. Malo okwera ma nyanja atulukira kale malo akumwamba - zilumba zachilendo, mwachitsanzo Tahiti, omwe m'mphepete mwa nyanja mumzinda wa 1788, bwato lalikulu la British Bounty linabwera. Kumeneko, oyendetsa sitima a ku England anagonjetsedwa ndi chikhalidwe chachibadwidwe cha maluwa akuda, okongola - komanso maloto a "mdima wokongola" anabweretsedwa ku Ulaya. Ndipo tsopano Ambuye Byron akuimba ndakatulo zake "Tahitian Venus."
Kuphulika kwa mabomba a kugonana
- Kuyesedwa kwazimayi kwaokha kunapitiriza. Mwachitsanzo, bleach yogwira ntchito monga magnesia bisulphate kapena chosema chakumwa chinatengedwa - ngakhale machenjezo a wolemba akuti "zokonda" zoterozo sizingadye tsitsi la tsitsi lokha, komanso tsitsi, scalp komanso ubongo. Mitundu yabwino ya golidi ndi arsenic kapena cadmium - yomwe nthawi zambiri imabweretsa zotsatira zakupha. Kenaka kunabwera chiphunzitso: mdima wonyezimira umayamba chifukwa cha zitsulo zochulukirapo m'thupi, ndizozithetsa ndi asidi - ndipo ndinu blonde! Akaziwa analangizidwa kuti azichepetsa asidi ya asidi ndi madzi ndi kumwa mpaka asidi "afike pakhungu". Kutha kwa nkhanza zonsezi kunayambitsa kupangidwa kwa hydrogen peroxide. Mu 1870, kwa nthawi yoyamba ndi thandizo lake, tsitsi lowala bwino, atazindikira maloto a mamiliyoni a amai - mwamsanga ndi mosavuta kukhala blonde popanda kuvulaza thanzi ndi moyo. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, mtundu watsopano wa akazi unabwera m'mafashoni - wachinyamata, waulere, womasuka, wogonana, womasulidwa ku fupa la mkazi. Ndipo kumeneko komwe kugonana - kuli blondes. Zithunzi za m'ma 30 ndizo Hollywood akazi fatales - ozizira Marlene Dietrich ndi Mae West otentha (akuyamba pawindo ali ndi zaka 39!). Posakhalitsa anaphwanya bomba la kugonana Jane Mansfield - ndi nthawi ya blondes yodabwitsa kwambiri. Mu 1925, brunette womasulidwa - wolemba mabuku wa ku America ndi wolemba masewero wotchedwa Anita Luz, anatulutsa buku lodziwika bwino lakuti "Gentlemen Prefer Blondes", pomwe nyimbo yotchuka ya Hollywood ndi Jane Russell inaponyedwa mu 1953 ngati brunette ndi Marilyn Monroe ngati blonde. Chithunzicho chinali ndi kupambana kodabwitsa, ndipo anasangalatsa ochita malonda a perhydrol. Ndipo chithunzi cha Monroe cha os hunter kwa mamilionea chinasinthira chikhalidwe chonse cha blond. Chiwonetsero chofala kwambiri cha blonde chinabadwa: cholengedwa chonyansa, cholengedwa chamaseche, omwe mabwenzi ake abwino ndi diamondi, ndipo maloto a buluu ndikumayamika mamilioni. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, chithunzi chodziwika bwino chagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, tsopano, zikuwoneka kuti chithunzichi chikufika pamapeto: bodza la blond limalowetsedwa ndi chilakolako cha "blonde mu lamulo". Mumtima mwake iye ali wofiira. Zaka zingapo zapitazo panali nkhani yoipa: ma blondes a chilengedwe amatha kufa. Ananeneratu kuti mu 2200 kwinakwake ku Scandinavia, kumene 80 peresenti ya anthu onse amodzi padziko lapansi akukhala, otsiriza padziko lapansi mwachilengedwe blonde adzabadwa. Koma pali uthenga wabwino: pamene pali hydrogen, blondes sapita kulikonse!