Kodi zotsekemera zili zotetezeka, zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito kapena ayi? Magaziniyi imakhalabe yofunikira kwachabechabe, asayansi anadza kumapeto kuti sizinthu zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zodzoladzola sizikhala zovulaza.
Tikhoza kuganiza kuti zophikitsira bwino kwambiri ndi maphikidwe a agogo athu, monga maski a kirimu kapena "zonona" zopangidwa ndi mafuta otsekemera. Koma zozizwitsa izi zimakhala ndi vuto lalikulu, zimangowonongeka chifukwa cha kusowa kwazitetezo mwa iwo. Kuwonjezera apo, ndalamazi sizothandiza, ndipo mkazi aliyense akufuna kusintha nthawi yomweyo, ndipo kusintha kunabwera mwamsanga. Mwachibadwa, zozizwazi zimachitika popanda kuvulaza thanzi. Kodi ndizomveka?
Kodi opanga atsimikiziranso kuti wokongola wotsutsa khwinya sichidzapangitsa, mwachitsanzo, kutayika? Kodi zodzoladzola zimayesedwa bwanji kuti zikhale zotetezeka?
Choyamba muyenera kudziwa zomwe zodzikongoletsera zili bwino. Ndipotu, mankhwala odzola sangathe kukhala otetezeka. Zingakhale zachilendo kuganiza kuti pamene mukudula tsitsi kapena kuchotsa nsalu, khungu lathu silinakhumudwitse.
Njira yabwino kwambiri ndiyokuti matendawa mwamsanga komanso popanda kuwonongeka kwabwino adzabwerenso mwachidziwitso pambuyo pa njira zokongolazi. Tikhoza kuganiza kuti wopanga amatanthauza kuti pamapeto pake palibe zifukwa zowononga thanzi laumunthu, ndipo ndithudi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - ngati tiyang'ana masamulo amoyo. Ziwalo zoopsa ndi zopusa siziyenera kukhala ziri konse. Kuwonjezera pa zonsezi, zodzoladzola zotetezeka siziyenera kuipitsa chilengedwe.
Kotero ndani ndi chiyani chimatipatsa ife umboni? Onse akhala atasiya kale kukhulupilira pa 100% kuti azitamandidwa ndi ogulitsa m'sitolo, pambuyo poti apange makampani odziwika amisiri akuphunzira kuika osati mafuta okha a galu, koma ngakhale rosin.
Koma potsitsimula kwathu, ogulitsa angagulitse katundu wawo makamaka kuchokera ku sitayi kapena pamsika, ndipo sitolo yapadera kapena pharmacy ndi chitsimikizo chakuti tinagula cholimba chenichenicho m'malo molakwika. Pano ife tigula zambiri, koma ubwino uli motsimikizika.
Makampani onse odzikongoletsera samapereka ndalama kuti apange zinthu zatsopano, amayamikira kutchuka kwa mtundu wawo ndipo samanyalanyaza zoopsa za wogula. Chifukwa cha izi, titha kukhala otsimikiza kuti zitsamba zoopsa, kapena zigawo zikuluzikulu za minofu kapena mahomoni a ng'ombe (zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala ena) sizilowa mu zonona. Malamulo a ku Ulaya akhala atatsimikizira kuti wopangayo ali ndi udindo woyenera.
Ku Ukraine, mwachitsanzo, pali chivomerezo chovomerezeka kapena chilolezo cha zodzoladzola - izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zogulitsa ndi zochokera kunja. Pachifukwa ichi, ku Ukraine kuli malamulo oposa khumi omwe amachititsa kuti zinthu zodzikongoletsera zitheke, Ukrmetrteststandart, ndi mabungwe ena a boma omwe ali ndi cholinga chapadera amatsatira kutsata malamulowa.
Ukrmetrteststandard imagwiritsa ntchito zofunika zina:
- mankhwala ayenera kukhala otetezeka kwathunthu kwa moyo ndi thanzi la wogula (mayesero amachitidwa ku Institute of Ecology and Toxicology ku Ukraine);
- Zosakaniza zodzikongoletsera, chizindikiro, dzina ndi malo a kampani yopanga zodzikongoletsera, dziko, kuchuluka kwake kwa mankhwala opangira zodzoladzola, tsiku lomaliza, ndi machenjezo oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
Mwa njira, kuyezetsa chitetezo ku Institute of Ecology ndi Toxicology ku Ukraine kumachitika pamwambamwamba. Mwamwayi, pali zipangizo zapadera zomwe zimapangidwanso momwe zimapangidwira zokongoletsera komanso zomwe zimapangidwa pozizira, kutentha, ndi zina zotero.
Nthawi zambiri wokolola amakonda kumwa mowa kwambiri, komanso kumadzulo - amagwiritsira ntchito mowa wa methyl, ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi poizoni weniweni kwa munthu amene amachititsa kuti anthu asakhale ndi thanzi losagwirizana.
Mayesero okhudzana ndi za poizoni ndi zotsatira zake pa anthu amachitidwa mu chipangizo chapadera cha mankhwala, mankhwalawa amayesedwa pa nyama (nkhumba za nkhumba, akalulu, makoswe). Zolinga za zinyama zimagwirizana ndi njira iyi yoyesera, koma, mwatsoka, kufikira lero, zowonongeka kwa zinyama ndi njira yokhayo yodziwira kuti ndi yotani (zotetezeka) zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mankhwalawa.
Ku Ulaya, palinso kalembedwe ka kuyeretsa zodzoladzola pa anthu odzipereka, tilibe lamulo lotero.
Koma kuteteza kwathunthu ku zotsatira zovulaza za zodzoladzola sikutheka, ngati kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina kapena molingana ndi malangizo. Choncho ndikofunikira kusunga malamulo oyambirira posankha zodzoladzola.
Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti zodzoladzola zomwe zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati khungu ndi tsitsi, muzochitika zina zilizonse, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ndi mankhwala apadera mutatha kuyankhulana ndi dokotala. Zodzoladzola zikhoza kusokoneza kwambiri pamene zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina. Malangizowo ayeneranso kusamalidwa bwino, musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala atsopano (makamaka pankhani ya utoto wa tsitsi), ndibwino kuti tichite mayeso ang'onoang'ono, ndipo atangodikirira zotsatira, ayambe ntchitoyo.
Sungani zinthu zodzoladzola muzokonzedweratu zapadera, ndipo onetsetsani kuti muwone tsiku lakutha. Timalangiza kuti tisagule zodzoladzola m'masitolo omwe alibe chiphaso chapamwamba, komanso kukhala ndi malo osungirako.
Kuti tisachite manyazi, tikamagula zodzoladzola, nthawi zambiri timaiwala kukhala ndi nzeru, kugula, ndipo mtengo umakhala ndi udindo waukulu kwa ife.
N'zomvetsa chisoni! Bwanji, pamene tigula galimoto, zovala, zinyumba - kodi timayambitsirana ndi aliyense? Zodzoladzola timavala munthu mmodzi yekha. Pambuyo pa zonse, tikufuna kuti izo ziwoneke zabwino, zatsala zokongola komanso zathanzi nthawi zonse, zolondola?