Masiku ano ndi zophweka kwambiri kutayika pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mazira omwe opanga zodzoladzola amapereka. Zogulitsa pamakhala magalasi apadera omwe amachotsa khungu, mazira a aromatherapy, mazira apamtima, gel-creams, magetsi okhala ndi mchere wamchere, ndi zina zotero. Palinso mafuta osambira ndi fungo la mafuta onunkhira. Komanso, ambiri opangidwa ndi opanga amapereka mafuta a madzi osambira.
Kusakaniza ma gels: alkali
Nthawi zina sopo angakhalepo mu ma gels, koma muzochepa kwambiri. Ndipo opanga ena amalowetsa sopo ndi zigawo zina.
Kuwotcha ma gels ayenera kukhala ndi madzi momwe akuwonekera.
Madzi otsika omwe amatha kuvulaza khungu lathu, ndi mwayi wopindulitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, mothandizidwa ndi ojambula osiyanasiyana owonjezera zowonjezera zotsatira zovulaza za alkali mu gels. Monga lamulo, opanga amagwiritsira ntchito citric acid, omwe sagwiritsa ntchito alkaline. Malo amenewa a citric acid akhala akudziwika kwa anthu. Kotero, mu masiku akale, iwo ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azitsuka, atatsuka tsitsi.
Tiyenera kudziŵa kuti mazira osambira samapatsa zinthu zomwe zili m'kati mwake chifukwa cha malo ake oyeretsera tsitsi ndi khungu. Zida zomwe zili ndi alkali zimapanga chithovu chomwe chimathandiza kuyeretsa khungu pakutsuka.
Mankhwala amapanga ma gels
Zinthu zogwira ntchito zimapanga maziko a gels, komabe zinthu izi nthawi zina zimatchedwa surfactants.
Mukamagula gel osakaniza, muyenera kumvetsera zofewa zomwe zimakhudza khungu. Mafuta a Lauryl sulphate ali ndi malo oyeretsa kwambiri. Ndipo zigawo monga cocoglycerin ndi laureth sulphate ndi betaines, zimathandiza kuchepetsa chilinganizocho.
Kutsika kwa ubweya wa pamwamba pa zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito, ndipamwamba mtengo wa gel osakaniza. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe opanga ma gels amagwiritsira ntchito zowonjezera zigawo zomwe zili ndi lauryl sulphate ndi zinthu zomwe ziribe mphamvu zotsukira.
Ambiri mwa ma gels, kuphatikizapo kusamba kwasamba, ali ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana zazomera. Kukhalapo kwa mbeu zinthu mu gelisi kumathandiza kuonjezera kufunika kwa ogula. Tiyenera kudziŵa kuti magetsi osiyanasiyana ali ndi zigawo zosiyana za zomera. Kuchuluka kwa zinthuzi mu gelisi kumakhudza mtengo wake. Gelu yomwe ili ndi chigawo chimodzi chokha cha masamba, ndipo chalembedwa kumapeto kwa mndandanda, sitingatchedwe kuti chilengedwe.
Ma gels ali ndi otetezera, monga EDTA (tetrasodium). Zomwe zili mu ma gels ndizofunikira kugawidwa kwa yunifolomu ya zinthu zomwe zilipo.
Citric acid ndi sodium hydroxide nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga oyendetsa acidity. Mmodzi mwa omwe amawotcha kwambiri ndi sodium chloride.
Glycerin ndi polyquaternium amagwiritsidwanso ntchito monga matope.
Maonekedwe a ma gels: dyes, zonunkhira ndi zosungira. Zinthu izi sizikuwonjezera ma gels kusamba kwa phindu, koma cosmetology yamakono pomwe popanda iwo sangathe kuchita.
Parabens kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zosungira. Komanso pa msika pali zinthu zomwe zotetezera ndi benzoate. Zopangira izi zimaonedwa kuti ndizosautsa komanso zimavulaza khungu. Komanso, zina zowonjezera nthawi zina zimaphatikizidwanso, zomwe zimakhala ndi zida zachilengedwe za antibacterial.
Dyes ndi opanga mafungo amagwiritsa ntchito kupanga mankhwalawa kukhala osangalatsa kwa wogula. Popeza ambiri ogula amatsogoleredwa posankha gel osakaniza mtundu wake ndi fungo lake. Kupambana pa malonda kumadalira zinthu izi za gel.
Ndipotu, mtundu wobiriwira wa gel osakaniza ndi fungo lokha ndilo lingaliro lothandizira kuwonjezera malonda. Fungo ndi mtundu wa gel zimapangidwa ndi mafuta onunkhira ndi dyes.
Komabe, pali zosiyana ndi malamulo pamsika. Ngati mukufuna, mukhoza kupeza gel osakaniza, omwe mulibe maonekedwe ndi oonetsera. Mmalo mwa zonunkhira zokometsera, opanga amagwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zachilengedwe, monga mafuta ofunikira. Kawirikawiri gelisi iyi imasiyanasiyana ndi ochita mpikisano ndi mtengo wapamwamba. Kuwonjezera apo, gelisi iyi siidzakhala ndi fungo lakuthwa, mosiyana ndi iyo, fungo lake lidzakhala lakuya ndi lochepa. Pogwiritsira ntchito gel, kununkhira koteroko kumapangitsa munthu kukhala wokhutira ndi maganizo.
Popeza geleni mulibe mitundu yojambula, idzakhala yopanda mtundu. Gel osasamba mwachilengedwe limakhudza mwachikondi khungu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mankhwalawa samayambitsa vutoli.
Momwe mungasankhire gel oyenera
Mukamasankha gels losambira, muyenera kuganizira chikhalidwe cha khungu ndi mtundu wake. Akatswiri amalangiza kumvetsera mwachidwi kufotokozera kwa mankhwalawa.
Kuwonjezera apo, angelo osiyanasiyana amachita ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Mazira ena apangidwa kuti apereke chisawawa, kuwonetsa khungu, kukweza mtima, ena amakhala ndi zinthu zolimbikitsa, amathandiza munthu kuthetsa nkhawa, kusangalala pambuyo pa tsiku lovuta. Choncho, ma gels omwe amayimirira ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mawa, ndipo ma gels omwe ali ndi malo osungira ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito asanagone, pamene akufulumira kugona.
Mazira ophikira kumalo amatha kukhala ndi fungo la zipatso za citrus, monga: mandimu, lalanje, laimu. Anthu omwe amakonda kuwonetsa bwino amatha kugwiritsa ntchito gels ndi fungo la timbewu ta timbewu ta timbewu ta timbewu ta timbewu ta timbewu ta timbewu ta timbewu ta timbewu ta timbewu ta timbewu ta timbewu ta timbewu ta timbewu ta timbewu ta timbewu ta timbewu timene timayambira.
Mavitamini, mavitamini a lavender a amelo amatsuka bwino kuti adye madzi madzulo.
Mungagwiritsenso ntchito gels, mwachitsanzo, ndi mchere wa sakura, lotus.