Ngati kukula kwakukulu kwa mwana kumaphatikizapo kutopa mwamsanga, chitukuko chogonana, matenda osowa, ndiye kuti makolo ayenera kufunafuna thandizo loyenerera. Ngati palibe zizindikiro zotere, nthawi zambiri, palibe chifukwa chodandaula za kukula kwa ana.
Kupititsa patsogolo kwalamulo kwa kukula kwa ana
Masiku ano, ana amakhala ndi nthawi yofulumira kukula, kupatulapo anthu apamwamba. Kwa ana oterewa nthawi yakulera imayamba msanga, kukula ndi kusasitsa mafupa kumafulumira. Anthu okwezeka m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ali ndi chiwerengero chofanana, sakhala ndi vuto lowonjezeka.
Kukula kofulumira kungapangitse kulemera kwakukulu m'zaka zisanafike, koma izi ndi zochitika zazing'ono. Pankhaniyi, ana amakula, koma osati zimphona.
Gigantism ya Ana
Ngati mwana ali ndi hormone yakukula yomwe imakhala yotseguka, ndiye kuti gigantism imakula, ndipo akuluakulu amayamba kukhala acromgaly, komabe, ndi gigantism, zizindikiro za acromegaly ndizotheka, zomwe zitatha kutsekedwa kwa epiphyses kumawonekera kwambiri.
Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa hormone ya kukula nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kukula kwa mwana, makamaka mu njira zomwe zimayambitsa ntchito ya hypothalamic-pituitary gawo (yotumizidwa ndi encephalitis, hydrocephalus). Gigantism mu nkhani iyi ikukula mosasamala za msinkhu, koma nthawi zambiri kukula msanga kumawoneka mwa ana a msinkhu kapena zaka za sukulu. Ana oterewa amavutika mosavuta, kukana kwa matendawa kumachepetsedwa, minofu imakula bwino, mutayang'anitsitsa mukhoza kuona makhalidwe a acromegaloid, ndipo chiwonetsero cha chiwerengerochi chikupezeka.
Zopanda pituitary gigantism. Chifukwa cha chitukuko cha pituitary gigantism kawirikawiri amatchedwa eosinophilic adenoma, kawirikawiri ndi chotupa cha hypothalamus.
Nthaŵi zina, acromgaly ndi gigantism zimayamba ngati matenda a hypothalamic omwe amachititsa hyperplasia ndi hypertrophy, zomwe zingayambitse kukula kwa tumimba ngati maselo otchedwa somatotropic. Nthawi zingapo m'mabuku otha msinkhu zimakhala zoonekeratu kuti mwana wakula msanga, koma nthawi zina amatha kuona kuti ali ndi zaka zisanu. Zotsatira zake, kukula kumatha kufika masentimita 250 kapena kuposa.
Kawirikawiri ana amakula msinkhu, koma samakhala zimphona, chifukwa cha kutsekedwa koyambirira kwa zowonjezera (pambuyo kutsekedwa, kukula).
Odwala amtali osadziwika omwe ali ndi hypogonadism, thyrotoxicosis, komanso odwala arachnodactyly (Marfan syndrome) amadziwika ndi zizindikiro za matendawa, mwa odwala amenewa kukula kwa hormone yachibadwa ndi yachibadwa.
Chifukwa cha kukula kwa matenda a Clinfelter's syndrome ndi chromosomal aberration ndi kukhalapo kwa X yambiri ya chromosome. Atsikana achikulire omwe ali ndi miyendo yaitali kwambiri komanso manja mu ubwana, thupi lofooka, ndipo kenako amakula kwambiri. Matenda a Clainfelter ali ndi mbali yapadera - hypoplasia ya mbolo ndi maselo. Zochitika zogonana zogonana ndizosavomerezeka, nthawi zina gynecomastia amawonetseredwa, tsitsi limapatsirana kudzera mu chifaniziro chachikazi.
Kwa odwala amenewa, pali vuto la kukula kwa maganizo, izi zikufotokozedwa ndi X chromosome yowonjezereka.
Sotos syndrome (cerebral gigantism), mosiyana ndi gigantism ya pituitary, imapezeka kawirikawiri, ndipo imaphatikizapo kukula, koma mu seramu mlingo wa somatotropin umakhala wabwinobwino, ndipo deta imasonyeza kuti vuto la matenda ndi matenda a ubongo.
Kwa zaka 4-5 mwanayo amakula mofulumira, ndipo mwanayo amakula kachiwiri. Nthawi yoberekera ikuyamba pang'ono kapena kale. Odwala amenewa ali ndi mapazi akulu ndi maburashi akuluakulu ochepa kwambiri. Pali vuto lalikulu la chitukuko. Mutu wa dolichocephalic mawonekedwe ndi akulu, nsagwada ya pansi imayenda, kuyenda kumakhala kovuta, maso amakhala ochepa, wodwalayo ndi wochuluka, kugwirizana kwa kayendetsedwe kake kumasokonezeka.