Bowa si zokoma zokha, komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa mbewu zamamino acid, mapuloteni, mchere ndi mavitamini. Kukula bowa kungatheke mosavuta pakhomo, chifukwa njira zonse zopangira bowa ndizosavuta ndipo sizifuna ndalama zapadera. Kukula bowa kuti mubweretse zotsatira zake, muyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa malamulo a kulima kwawo.
Bowa m'nyumba
Kunyumba, mumatha kukula ndi kukolola mosavuta fodya ndi veshenok, komanso bowa la shiitake. Inde, ndi bwino kuganizira kuti mitundu yonse ya bowa imafuna malamulo apadera. Mwachitsanzo, bowa ndi malo oposa 25 ndi madigiri 28, bowa wa oyster - 15-20, ndi bowa wotsamba - madigiri 12, kuphatikizapo mitengo yapadera ya mitengo.
Mwa njira, nthawi yonse yokolola bowa ndi yosiyana kwambiri: bowa ndi oyster bowa amatha kuwona pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, koma bowa wamtengo wapatali osati chaka chotsatira. Choncho, ndi bwino kusankha bowa zomwe sizikusowa zofunikira komanso zofunikira. Choncho, kumera bowa kunyumba kumayenera kukhazikitsidwa pazosiyana siyana.
Kukonzekera malo malo kulima bowa
Kulima bowa kunyumba, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito chipinda chilichonse chobisala pansi kapena chapamwamba (pansi, galasi, sitolo ya masamba, nkhokwe). Danga limeneli liyenera kukulolani kuti mupange njira yoyenera yotentha, mpweya wabwino, kuyatsa ndi chinyezi. Mwa njira, kuchokera pamtunda umodzi wamtunda mungathe kukolola mosavuta makilogalamu makumi atatu a bowa. Choncho, muyenera kutsimikizira malo onse a chipindacho. Pansi mu chipindacho chiyenera kupangidwa ndi konkire kapena njerwa, ndipo makomawo amawotcha ndi kutsukidwa mwachitsulo mothandizidwa ndi laimu. Mukangobweretsa chipinda m'njira yoyenera, musaiwale kuti muzilandira mankhwala onse.
Kukonzekera kwa gawo lalikulu
Kulima bowa kulikonse kumayamba ndi kusankha ndi kukonzekera gawo la zakudya (gawo lapansi). Monga dothi, mungagwiritse ntchito udzu, tirigu, nkhumba za mbewu za mpendadzuwa, utuchi. Zina mwa zipangizozi ziyenera kukhala zowonongeka, kenako zilowerere ndi kuwira m'madzi otentha. Pambuyo pake, misa yowonjezera imatulutsidwa kuti ngati mutapachikika mu nkhanza madzi akuwonekera.
Inoculation wa bowa
Tsopano mu gawo lapansi utakhazikika mpaka madigiri 30 ndikofunikira kubweretsa mycelium mofanana, kuwerengera 300-500 magalamu pa 10 kilogalamu ya sing'anga. Zosowa zamadzi zimayenera kupangidwa m'matumba ndi kumangirizidwa. Pambuyo popanga mapulogalamu a bowa, amatha kuwonongeka bwino mu chipinda chamdima chokonzekera, pomwe pamakhala chinyezi choyenera. Kukonzekera matumba pamasamulo kuti athe kuzimvetsa mosavuta.
Kupanga zoyenera kukula
Kutentha kwa mpweya pa nthawi ya makulitsidwe ayenera kukhala madigiri 20-25, koma chinyezi ndi 90-95%. Mwa njira, kuti bowa lizitha kumera mwamsanga ndi kulandira mpweya wofunikira, nkofunika kudula mabowo pafupifupi 15 mu bokosi lililonse la bowa pambali ziwiri.
Kusamalira bowa
Pambuyo matumbawa ali ndi mtundu woyera, muyenera kuchepetsa kutentha kwa madigiri 20. Ndiye mumayenera kutsegula. Pochitika kuti bowa amapezeka pansi, makilomita makumi awiri a mamita 100-watt adzakhala okwanira. Kuunikira kuyenera kupitilira maola 9 pa tsiku.
Komanso, kukula kwa bowa kumafuna mpweya wokhazikika mu chipinda, chifukwa chakuti fungusayo ikugwira ntchito kwambiri mu mpweya wa carbon dioxide. Mu chipinda chaching'ono, mpweya wokwanira wopanga mpweya wabwino pogwiritsira ntchito fanasi kapena kutentha ndi woyenera.
Kukolola Koyenera
Kukolola bowa kuyeneranso kuthandizira, poyipa ndikuwononge bowa, ndipo sikuyenera kukolola. Kusonkhanitsa zokolola, muyenera kumangirira m'thumba zakale ndikudula zina zambiri. Sikoyenera kupereka bowa akukalamba, chifukwa sichidzapweteka, ndipo zidzakhala zovulaza kukolola kotere!