Kusamba - ndi chiyani?
Imodzi mwazinthu zovuta kwambiri mu thupi la mkazi, kusintha kwa kusintha kwa matenda a endocrine ndi machitidwe obala. Amayamba mu chiberekero cha ubongo: imaphatikizapo ntchito ya hypothalamus, mahomoni ogonana ndi ziwalo za endocrine (mazira, mazira, nthenda ya chithokomiro) ndipo amathera m'chiberekero. Kuyambira kumwezi nthawi zambiri kumakhala ngati nthawi kuyambira tsiku loyamba kumaliseche mpaka kumayambiriro. Kuyambira nthawiyi ndi masiku 21 mpaka 35, kutuluka kwa madzi kumatenga masiku awiri mpaka 7 (ndipo masiku oyambirira amakhala ochulukirapo), kuchepa kwa magazi kumakhala 20-40 ml tsiku. Amayi 60%, kuzungulira ndi masiku 28. Ndi chifukwa cha nthawi imeneyi yomwe ndi yachizoloŵezi chotsogolera ovulation - nthawi yomwe dzira limachoka pa ovary ndipo ikhoza kubereka. Chofunika cha chilengedwe cha pulogalamuyi ndikutsimikizira kuti mwanayo ali ndi mphamvu zobereka, kukonzekera thupi kuti akhale ndi mimba. Ngati kutenga mimba sikuchitika panthawiyi ndipo dzira la dzira silinayambike, mzere wosagwira ntchito wa chiberekero cha uterine umakana, ndipo kuwona ndi zotsatira za kukana "endometrium" yosafunikira.
Mwapadera
Amakhulupirira kuti kukhala wathanzi pa nthawi ya kusamba sikumayambitsa matenda, ngakhale kuti maseŵera olimbitsa thupi amatha kupitilira tsiku lina: katundu m'masiku oyambirira a kayendetsedwe ka mankhwala angayambitse kufooka, kupweteka m'mimba kapena kumbuyo, chizungulire. M'masiku oyambirira a ulendo, ndibwino kusankha masewera olimbitsa thupi - mwachitsanzo, yoga. Pakati pa magawowa, kutuluka magazi kumakhala kolimba - koma simudzataya magazi ochuluka kuposa momwe mukuchitira. Kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amatulutsa endometrium (chiberekero cha chiberekero) ndi chimodzimodzi mwezi uliwonse, mosasamala kanthu kuti mumasunthira mochuluka bwanji. Panthawi ya kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, palpitation imawonjezeka, zomwe zimatanthawuza kufalikira kwa magazi.
Miyezi ya msambo:
1) Zopanda pake: ma estrogens amachititsa, mapuloteni amatha.
2) Ovulatory: kuphulika kwa mazira okhwima, kutulutsa dzira, chikasu chimayamba kubala progesterone (imodzi mwa mahomoni akuluakulu a mimba), dzira liri okonzeka kubereka.
3) Luteynovaya: feteleza siinalipo, mlingo wa mahomoni ukugwa, endometrium imakana, kutuluka magazi kumayamba.
Kuyamba kwa msambo woyamba kumayankhula za kukula kwa kugonana: mwachidule, ichi ndi chiyambi cha nthawi yobereka. Avereji ya zaka zomwe amayamba msambo ndi zaka 11-14, zimadalira mkhalidwe wa thanzi ndi chibadwidwe. Miyezi yoyamba ikhoza kukhala yosasintha, koma pang'onopang'ono mphepoyo idzakhazikika. Njira yotsutsana - kutha kwa ntchito yobereka (mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka 52-57) idzakhalanso pang'onopang'ono.
Kuphwanya kozungulira
Kusokoneza nthawi ya kusamba kungakhale ndi zinthu zambiri: kutentha kapena kuzizira kwambiri, kupopera kwa jet, malaise kapena kupanikizika kwambiri, kuchotsa mimba - zonsezi zimakhudza ntchito ya mazira. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi komanso zakudya zolimbitsa thupi zimakhudzanso nthawi ya kusamba. Chiwerengero cha estrogen (hormone yaikazi) m'thupi ndi yogwirizana kwambiri ndi mafuta. Ngati tiwotcha makilogalamu ambiri, kutengeka ndi masewera kapena zakudya, zakudya zikhoza kusokonezeka - mlingo wa estrogen udzatsika, ndipo kusamba kumakhala kosawerengeka (nthawi zambiri, iwo amasiya palimodzi). Ngakhale kuti nthawi ya mzimayi aliyense ndi yodalirika ndipo imadalira pazinthu zambiri, kusiyana kwa msinkhu, makamaka pamene muli ndi zowawa kapena nthawi yowonongeka, imatha kukambirana za mavuto osiyanasiyana ndipo zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kubereka mwana. Ngati kuphwanya kuli gawo limodzi ndipo potsatira njirayi sizinachitikenso - mwinamwake, palibe chifukwa chodandaula. Ngati kusamvana kwa mahomoni kumapitirira miyezi yambiri kapena kubwereza nthawi ndi nthawi, ndi bwino kuonana ndi dokotala. Muzochitika zonse za kuphwanya kwa kayendetsedwe kake a amayi amakupatsani inu ultrasound ya ziwalo za thupi, kuphunzira za mahomoni (kuyesedwa kwa magazi), kuyezetsa kuganizira za chikhalidwe cha mkati mwa chiberekero. Maulendo kwa azimayi amafunika kukhala ozolowereka, osachepera miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Kuchuluka kwa msambo: Kutuluka kwa madzi sikungachepetse pa tsiku la 2-3 la kayendetsedwe ka madzi, muyezo wa gasket umatha maola 2-3. Kuchedwa kwa msambo: kumatha masiku osachepera atatu, gasket imodzi imakhala kwa theka la tsiku kapena kuposa. Kuwongolera, makamaka pamene muli ndi kupweteka kwa msambo, kungakhale chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za endometriosis - onetsetsani kuti mukambirane ndi dokotala wanu. Pambuyo pake (pambuyo pa zaka 13-14) kuyambika kwa msambo, makamaka, kumayankhula za kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a amuna ogonana. Zokambiranazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavomerezeka, zogwiritsidwa ntchito, koma ndi kuchuluka kwa nthawi yaitali. Nthawi yayitali (masiku osachepera 21) kapena kawirikawiri (kamodzi kamodzi pa mwezi) kusamba kwa msambo pa nthawi zosiyana zingasonyeze kusayenerera kwa mazira ambiri, matenda a endocrine kapena matenda a mazira.
Funso la ukhondo
M'maŵa, atagona, kapena atakhala nthawi yayitali, kukomoka kungakuwoneke kochulukirapo. Izi ndi zachilendo: kwa maola angapo inu simunayende, ndipo mwazi wokha, kuphatikizapo maselo a epithelium, endometrial particles ndi uterine secretions, sungakhoze kutuluka mwaufulu kuchokera ku vagin, chifukwa chachitsulocho chinapangidwira ndi kupanga mawonekedwe. Zosankha zanu - mapepala, matampu kapena makapu apadera oteteza silicone - kumapeto kwa msambo, omwe amalowetsedwa mu chikazi ndi kusonkhanitsa magazi. Popeza malo otentha ndi ozizira amachititsa mabakiteriya kukhala ndi mwayi waukulu wobereka, ndikofunika nthawi ya kusamba kuti ayambe kusamala mwansanga: zida zowonongeka ziyenera kusinthidwa maola awiri aliwonse ngakhale ngati kutaya kwake sikukwera kwambiri. Zida zopangira mafuta ndi zosasangalatsa sizo zabwino kwambiri: zimatha kuyambitsa mkwiyo. Koma musakhale achangu kwambiri, mutsuke mosamala kwambiri ma vaginja - izo zimawononga microflora yake yachirengedwe.
O, zimapweteka!
Kutaya msambo, kapena kuchepetsa dysmenorrhea, kumakhala kofala kwambiri kuposa momwe timafunira: oposa theka la amai amawaika, ndipo 10% sali ndi mwayi kuti mwezi uliwonse amawalepheretsa kuti azikhala moyo wamba mkati mwa masiku 3-4 a nthawi iliyonse. Zowawa ndi zovuta pa nthawi ya kusamba zimayambitsidwa ndi prostaglandins - magalasi amkati mwachinsinsi, omwe panthawiyi amatseka zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda m'mimba, chifuwa, kumbuyo ndi matumbo m'njira, zowawa za pobereka zimakhala zowawa mobwerezabwereza nthawi ya kusamba. Zimapangitsanso kuti mphamvu za mitsempha zikhale zovuta kwambiri - choncho zosankha zowonongeka zili zokha: ena amamva ululu wochepa chabe kapena samangokhalira kukhumudwa, ndipo ena satha kutha.
Mafunso otchuka okhudza kusamba
Kodi ndikhoza kugonana pa nthawi ino?
Inde, koma ndi bwino kugwiritsira ntchito kondomu - tizilombo ting'onoting'ono titha kulowa mkati mwachindunji cha chiberekero.
Kodi ndingatenge pakati pa nthawi ya kusamba?
Ayi, mutha kutenga pakati pa nthawi ya ovulation: izi zidzachitika musanayambe kapena pambuyo pa kusamba, ndipo umuna umapitirizabe kukhala ndi maola 36 okha. Ngati mpweyawu umatha masiku opitirira 25, kutentha kwa odwala kungakhale mochedwa, pa tsiku la 18-20 pa ulendo, koma mimbayi idzachitika musanafike kusamba, pomwe zingatheke, koma zidzakhala zochepa.
Kodi pa nthawi yomwe mimba ikupitirira mwezi uliwonse?
Ngati mayi amapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto la ovari, matenda a polycystic ovary kapena bicornic chiberekero, panthawi yomwe ali ndi mimba, pakhoza kukhala malo owonekera pamasabata 12 oyambirira, pa masiku omwe amayamba kusamba. Ngati spotting limodzi ndi ululu m'mimba, mukufunika kufunsa dokotala. Izi zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro chotsimikizika cha kufooka kwa makoma a zotengera kapena kuyambitsa dzira mu chiberekero, kapena chizindikiro cha matenda.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi PMS?
Pezani kuchuluka kwa mchere womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito - kuti madzi asakhale mu thupi. Pewani chokoleti, koma sankhani zakudya zopangidwa ndi potaziyamu ndi nthaka (nthochi, apricots zouma, mkate wa tirigu, mbewu za dzungu) ndi vitamini E (mtedza, salimoni, yolk).
Kodi kusayenerera kumatanthauza chiyani?
Za matenda a hormonal, kuchepa kwa ovarian ntchito, nkhawa. Zowonjezereka, kuchepetsa kutaya thupi kumapita pambuyo pa kubadwa koyamba: zimakhulupirira kuti pokhapokha ndi mimba ndi kubadwa kwa mwana thupi la mkazi limapsa pake. Nthawi zina pali dysmorrrhea yachiwiri: Pakadali pano, ndipo pambuyo pakubadwa, kupweteka kwa msinkhu kudzapitirira, koma zidzasokonezeka chifukwa thupi likugwira ntchito - izi zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha endometriosis kapena matenda opweteka a m'thupi. Onetsetsani kuti mufunsane ndi katswiri wa amayi: iye adzayendera ndikuika mayeso ena. Kulimbana ndi zowawa zimathandiza mankhwala opweteka (mwachitsanzo, ibuprofen) ndipo, mochititsa chidwi, kuyendetsa thupi, monga kuyenda. Kulongosola kwa izi ndi kophweka: panthawi ya kayendedwe ka magazi, kufalikira kwa magazi m'dera lamatumbo kumawonjezeka, minofu imatulutsa mpweya wochulukirapo, ndipo mpweya umachepa.
Funso la kulera
Ngati mutenga mapiritsi oletsa kubala kuti dzira lisatuluke mumtambo ndi manyowa, ndiye kuti muli ndi ubwino wake awiri. Choyamba, chiopsezo chakumva sichicheperapo, kachiwiri, ngati kuli koyenera, mungathe kulamulira nthawi yanu yoyendayenda: kufulumizitsa kapena kusiya msanga kuyamba kwa msambo (koma ndi bwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito molakwa ndikugwiritsanso ntchito njira zosinthira osaposa kamodzi pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi). Pogwiritsa mapiritsi a monophasic, ndikwanira kutenga mapake awiri pamzere (kenako magazi ena amasowa) kapena kuleka kumwa nawo masiku angapo mapepala asanathe ndipo ayambe kumwa mapiritsi atsopano mu sabata. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi atatu, pakadali pano, mufunsane ndi dokotala wa amai kuti asankhe dera kuti musinthe kusintha.
Asanabadwe komanso atabereka
Kusasamba kwa msambo wina (ngati vutoli likulephera kukhala losavomerezeka kwa inu) lidzakhala chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zoyamba ndi zodalirika za mimba yomwe yabwera. Pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa mwanayo, ngati simukuyamwitsa, kusamba kumayambiranso masabata 6-8. Kusamba m'mimba sikungakhale nthawi yayitali - padzakhala nthawi yotchedwa lactational amenorrhea. Kuzungulira kumayambitsanso payekha: izi zikhoza kuchitika miyezi iwiri pambuyo pobereka kapena chaka chimodzi, ndipo nthawi zina zingakhale zosakhalitsa. Pali lingaliro (ngakhale sizinatsimikizidwe mwasayansi) kuti kuyambiranso kwazomweku kumagwirizanitsidwa kwambiri ndi chidziwitso cha mkazi kuposa momwe thupi lake limagwirira ntchito: iye adzachira ndi mwinamwake ngati mutakumbukira za kusamba kumene simunakuwonepo kwa nthawi yayitali kapena mungapeze.
Amayi aang'ono
Lactational amenorrhea ndibwino kuti musagwiritsidwe ntchito monga njira yowulera, njirayi si yodalirika kwambiri. Kuti chitetezo chitetezedwe kuchokera mimba, kuyamwa kumafunika nthawi zonse, pakufunidwa, popanda nthawi yaitali (maola oposa awiri), kuphatikizapo usiku, popanda mabotolo, zokondweretsa komanso zakudya zowonjezera. Msinkhu wa mwanayo usadutse miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Komabe, mukhoza kudziwa kuti muli ndi pakati, ndipo simukudikirira woyamba atangoyamba kumene kusamba: asanakonzeke msambo, kutsekemera kumayamba kale, ndipo nthendayi imatha.