Zithunzi za Vasily Makakovich Shukshin

Ndani sakudziwa Vasily Makarovich? Ndithudi, ili ndi funso lopusa, chifukwa Basil Shukshin amadziwika kwa aliyense m'dziko lathu. Izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa biography ya Shukshin ndi nkhani ya wojambula, wotsogolera ndi wolemba. Mbiri ya Vasily Makarovich Shukshin ili ndi mfundo zambiri zodabwitsa. Mu biography ya Vasily Makarovitch Shukshin panali milandu yodabwitsa komanso yodabwitsa. Koma, chodabwitsa apa, pambuyo pa zonse, iye mwiniwake anali munthu wokondweretsa ndi wodabwitsa. Vasily Makarovich anali ndi luso lakulankhula za moyo wathu. Shukshin anali ndi maudindo abwino omwe adawulula kuti anthu athu ndi otani. Zithunzi za munthu uyu zikuphatikizapo mafilimu abwino ndi malemba abwino. Kwa Vasily nthawi zonse ntchito yaikulu inali kupereka kwa wowerenga dziko lamkati la anthu otchulidwa. Chimene chinapindulitsa kwambiri kwa Shukshin, ndikuwulula nkhani ya mkati mwa dzikoli. Kwa Vasily Makarovich, sikunali chinsinsi kuti boma likuchita molakwika ndi kuwononga anthu. Izi ndizo zanenedwa muzinthu zambiri za ntchito za Vasily. Ndipo, chifukwa chachoncho, zolemba zake zinali zovuta, ndi imfa - m'malo mozizwitsa. Mpaka tsopano, ambiri samakhulupirira kuti iye amangofa ndi mtima wolephera.

Ngakhale, ngakhale, onse omwe anali naye iye ali m'ngalawamo adawona kuti iye anali wodekha, kuti amamwa validol. Koma, komano, chomwe chinakhala chifukwa chomwe Shukshin anadandaulira motsimikiza mtima. Nchifukwa chiyani chinayamba kukanidwa ndi munthu wachinyamata komanso wathanzi? Mwina chifukwa cha izi ndi zovuta zambiri ndi zochitika zomwe Shukshin anavutika chifukwa nthawi zonse ankafuna kunena zoona, ndipo sanalembere zomwe adalamulidwa kuchokera pamwamba.

Munthu wodabwitsa uyu anabadwira m'mudzi wa Srostki, womwe unali ku Altai Territory. Iye anakulira m'banja la anthu wamba-anthu osauka, omwe adzipeza okha, zinyama ndi nyumba. Mosakayikira Shukshin anakumana ndi mavuto oyamba ku ulamuliro wa Soviet pamene abambowo anakakamizidwa kulowa nawo famu yamagulu. Komabe, ndikuyenera kuzindikira kuti Makar Shukshin sanakana kugwira ntchito ndikupita kuntchito monga makani. Iye anali katswiri wodziwa bwino, mbuye wake. Anthu onsewa ankamukonda ndi kumulemekeza. Koma, akuluakulu adakondabebe kanthu. Chifukwa chake, mu 1933, Shukshin mkulu adamangidwa ndikukankhidwa.

Mayi a Shukshin anatsala yekha. Anali ndi ana awiri aang'ono, akulima, akugwira ntchito pafamu yomweyi. Mkaziyo analibe nthawi yoti achite zonse. Ankafuna wothandizira. Achibale onse anali ndi mabanja akulu ndi minda, kotero, panalibe thandizo kuchokera kwa wina aliyense kumeneko. Mayi a Shukshin adangopeza mwamuna watsopano yemwe angamuthandize. Pamapeto pake, anachitadi zimenezo. Bambo ake okalamba anali munthu wokoma mtima kwambiri amene ankakonda kwambiri amayi ake. Zikuwoneka kuti tsopano chilichonse chiyenera kugwera ndipo iwo adzakhala mosangalala. Komabe, pano kunabwera chisoni - Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse inayamba. Stepfather Basil anapita kutsogolo, ndipo patapita chaka anabweretsa maliro. Banjalo linatsalira popanda mwamuna ndi wopatsa chakudya. Panthawiyo Vasya anali ndi zaka khumi ndi zitatu zokha. Kotero, iye amayenera kutenga chirichonse pa iyemwini. Iye anakulira mu munthu wapadera kwambiri, wotsekedwa. Anzanga ambiri sanamumvetse. Mwachitsanzo, sanakonde kutchedwa Vasya, Vasily yekha. Kwa izi, komanso kwazinthu zina zambiri, nthawi zambiri ankasekedwa. Ndipo iye sanafotokoze chirichonse kwa aliyense. Mmalo mwake, iye anapita ku mtsinje ndipo anasochera kumeneko pazilumba. Zinkachitika kuti Vasily akanatha kutayika masiku angapo. Komabe, atabwerera, nthawi yomweyo anayamba ulimi ndipo nthawi zonse anathandiza banja.

Vasily anali mnyamata wolemekezeka kwambiri. Iye anaika banja patsogolo pa chirichonse. Mwachitsanzo, mnyamata adaphunzira ku sukulu yamagetsi yophunzitsa magalimoto ndipo amatha kumaliza. Koma, adazindikira kuti ngati aphunzira yekha, sadzadyetsa banja lake m'moyo. Choncho, Vasily Shukshin adasiya maphunziro ake ndikupita kukafunafuna ntchito yabwino.

Anagwira ntchito monga wowotcherera, wowonjezera, womanga, ambiri, anasankha ntchito iliyonse yomwe imayenera kumalipira. Kenako Vasily Shukshin anamaliza maphunziro a wailesi ndipo adapita ku Black Sea Fleet. Mwa njirayi, tiyenera kudziwa kuti Vasily anali ndi mtsikana wokondedwa ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu. Dzina lake linali Masha. Ndili naye, Shukshin anakumana naye kumudzi kwake. Atatumikira, Masha ankamulembera kalata tsiku lililonse. Ndipo Vasily atasunthidwa chifukwa cha zilonda, adabwerera ku Masha, adakwatirana ndipo anayamba kukhala pamodzi. Izi zinali nthawi zabwino. Basil potsiriza, sukulu yotsirizidwa kunja ndipo anakhala mphunzitsi kusukulu ya achinyamata akumidzi. Kenaka adayesa kuphunzira mu sukulu yamakono yamagalimoto, koma pamapeto pake, anatenga chisankho chosadabwitsa ndikupita ku Moscow. Iye adalengeza kwa aliyense kuti akufuna kukhala wolemba mafilimu, ndipo chifukwa cha ichi adzapita ku VGIK. Ndipo iye anachita, ndi bungwe la wotsogolera. Kawirikawiri, sizikanatheka kulandiridwa, ngati Mikhail Romm sanali munthu wanzeru. Chowonadi ndi chakuti Shukshin anali munthu wophweka, wina akhoza kunena, mwa njira yake, osadziwika. Anakhaladi katswiri kuchokera kwa anthu omwe sanasunthike pambali yake.

Pamene Vasily adaphunzira ku VGIK, Masha anaphunzira ku Novosibirsk. Ndipo, monga zidziwike, maubwenzi patali sakhala nthawi yaitali. Choncho, Basil adagwirizana ndi wina, ndipo Masha anamudziwa. Koma nthawi zonse ankakumbukira munthu uyu ndikumukumbukira ndi kumwetulira komanso kutentha.

Chiyambi cha Shukshin mu cinema chinali chokongola. Anasewera mu filimuyo "Chidziwitso Chakuyenda kwa Don", ndipo ichi chinali chiyambi cha njira yake yolenga. Kenaka panali filimu yakuti "Two Fyodor", yomwe idakumananso ndi owona ambiri. Koma, ndikuyenera kuzindikira kuti Shukshin sangawononge mafilimu okha. Anaphunziranso mabuku, ndipo zinamuyendera bwino. Kuchokera m'chaka chachitatu Shukshin anatumiza nkhani zake ku nyumba zofalitsa. Kotero iye analangiza Romm. Osati pachabe. Kuchokera kumapeto kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi, Shukshin akumasulira nkhani zachidule.

Shukshin anapanga ntchito zodabwitsa zambiri, kusewera maudindo odabwitsa, kulemba malemba. Inde, m'zaka zimenezo zinali zovuta kukhala monga iye. Vasily nthawi ina ankamwa mowa kwambiri, koma kenako anamanga. Chifukwa chakuti ankakonda kwambiri banja lake, mwana wake wamkazi. Nthawi zonse ankakhala munthu wodzipereka, wowala komanso weniweni.