Osati kokha dziko la Russia, koma dziko lonse lapansi likukondwerera Tsiku la Azimayi la Mayiko pa March 8th. Masiku ano, tchuthiyi ikugwirizana ndi maluwa, mphatso komanso sabata lapadera. Pakalipano, tanthauzo la chikhalidwe ndi ndale loyambirira silinyalanyazidwa. Mbiri ya maonekedwe a tsiku la akazi amalembedwa pang'onopang'ono ndipo inatha zaka zambiri. Koma sizinali choncho nthawi zonse! Zomwe zimayambitsa chivomerezo chovomerezeka cha tsikuli sizitanthauzidwa lero. Pazovomerezeka za boma ndi zachiwiri, werengani zambiri. Pambuyo pake - fotokozerani mwachidule anawo ku chiyambi cha tchuthi pa March 8: mbiri ya kufotokozedwa kwapadera ingakhale yopindulitsa ophunzira onse apamwamba a kusukulu ya sekondale ndi ophunzira a sekondale.
March 8: mbiri yakale ya kubadwa kwa akazi, masika ndi maluwa
Malinga ndi ndondomeko ya SRSR, mbiri ya maonekedwe pa March 8 ikugwirizana ndi "kayendetsedwe ka" miphika yopanda kanthu ", yomwe inagwiridwa ndi ogwira nsalu ku New York City mu 1857. Azimayi adatsutsa mwakhama kuntchito zonyansa, malipiro ochepa komanso ufulu wochepa pakati pa anthu. Chodabwitsa ichi chabwerezedwa nthawi zambiri. Ndipo mu 1910, chikomyunizimu cha Germany chinalankhula pamsonkhano womwe ukufuna kukhazikitsidwa kwa tsiku la International Women's Day. Clara Zetkin sanatanthauze chikondwerero cha masiku ano ndi mphatso ndi maluwa, koma chochitika chachikulu pa March 8 kuti amayi azichita misonkhano yanyengo, pachaka, kuyenda. Mwa njira iyi, amayi omwe amagwira nawo ntchito ogonana omwe ali ofooka amatha kufotokozera momveka kusakhutira kwawo ndi zowawa za moyo ndi ntchito. Dzina loyambirira la tchuthi la kalendala lidawoneka ngati "Tsiku Ladziko Lonse la Akazi ku Mgwirizano wa Ufulu Wawo", ndipo tsikulo linasankhidwa ngati tsiku la "March wa miphika yopanda kanthu". Pa gawo la SRSR, chochitikacho chinatsogoleredwa ndi bwenzi la Chikomyunizimu cha German - Alexandra Kolontai. Ndipo kuyambira 1921 holideyo yakhala yovomerezeka ndi yovomerezeka. Iyi ndiyo mbiri yakale ya kubadwa kwa holide ya akazi, nyengo ndi maluwa pa March 8. Koma pali ziphunzitso zina zambiri zomwe ziri ndi zovuta zachilendo.
Mabaibulo ena a mbiri ya tchuthi pa March 8
Chimodzi mwa maulendo ang'onoang'ono a tchuthi la pa March 8 chikutanthauza kutamanda kwa mfumukazi yachiyuda ndi Ayuda. Sizodziwika ngati Clara Zetkin anali wachiyuda, koma chilakolako chake chofuna kugwirizanitsa tsiku la International Women's Day ndi holide ya Purim sichidziwikiratu pa zomwe zinalipo. Ngakhale kuti tsiku la chikondwerero chachiyuda ndi kutsika, mu 1910 linagwa pa 8th March. Nthano yachitatu ya kuyambira pa March 8, monga holide yotetezera akazi ogwira ntchito, ndithudi sizingakhale zovuta kwambiri kugonana lero, mwachizoloŵezi kusakaniza phwando ndi zinthu zowala ndi zokoma. Malinga ndi machitidwe okhumudwitsa m'chaka cha 1857 ku New York kunalidi zotsutsa. Koma sizinkachitika ndi ogwira nsalu, koma ndi oimira ntchito yawo yakale kwambiri. Iwo adalimbikitsa kulipira malipiro kwa oyendetsa sitima omwe sankatha kulipira mautumiki operekedwa ndi amayi. Mu 1894 mahule adabwereza kubwezeretsa kwawo, pofuna kuti azindikire ufulu wawo monga ofanana ndi ophika, osokera, oyeretsa, ndi zina zotero. Inde, ndipo Clara Zetkin iyeyo ndi Rosa Luxemburg nthawi zambiri adatenga madam omwewo m'misewu ya mzindawo, akumenyana ndi apolisi.
Kodi holideyi inayamba kuti pa March 8: mbiri yakale yochokera
Mwinamwake, March 8 ndizochitika zandale za Social Democrats. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, akazi adatsutsa ku Ulaya konse. Ndipo kuti akope chidwi iwo sanafunikire kuchita zochitika zauzimu. Ntchito zokwanira pamisonkhano yamakono ndi zigamulo, zojambula bwino ndi zolemba zazikulu zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha anthu kuti akope anthu. Chimene kwenikweni chinagwiritsa ntchito atsogoleri a Social Democrats. Izi zikutanthauza kuti iwo adangopempha thandizo la magulu ambiri a akazi. Stalin nayenso anawonjezera kutchuka kwake - adasaina lamulo la boma pa International Women's Day. Nkhani yochepa chabe yonena za tchuthi la Marko 8 yomwe idachokera sikuti yeniyeni kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka kumapeto, koma ili ndi malo ake m'mabuku ambiri komanso m'mabuku olembedwa.
Kusintha kwa tchuthi pa March 8: Kuchokera kumisonkhano ndi kugwera kwa maluwa ndi mphatso
Mbiri yakale silinganenere za nthawi yomwe maluwa a maluwa a maluwa a kasupe amatsitsiramo ziwonetsero ndi maulendo, koma kusintha kwa March 8 kuli kowonekera. Malinga ndi akatswiri ena olemba mbiri, izi zinali chifukwa cha chidziwitso cha utsogoleri wa Soviet. Ena amakhulupirira kuti International Day mwachidziwikire anapeza zikondwerero za zikondwerero za Tsiku la Amayi, ndipo malingaliro aliwonse omwe asinthidwa mwa iwo okha athawikanso, osati kokha ndi mabanki, koma ngakhale ndi makadi a moni. Ngakhale pansi pa Brezhnev (mu 1966), March 8 mwalamulo mwakhazikika tsiku, kotero chidziwitso cha tsiku loterolo chinachotsedwa. Patapita nthawi, holideyo inasanduka tsiku lazinthu zowonongeka zokhudza amayi. Izi zimatumikiridwa kwenikweni m'zinthu zonse: posankha mphatso pa March 8 mu mawu oyamikira, ndi zina zotero.
Mbiri ya International Women's Day pa March 8 kwa ana
Koma mungapatse bwanji anawo nkhani yovuta pa March 8, monga Tsiku Lachikazi la Mkazi Wadziko Lonse? Zoonadi, si mwana aliyense amene angapeze nkhani zochititsa chidwi za Clara Zetkin wolemba milandu wotchuka komanso akazi omwe ali ndi ufulu wophwanya malamulo. Koma nkhani yaying'ono yokhudza chikondi ndi ulemu kwa amayi, alongo, agogo aakazi komanso ngakhale mnzako mosakayikira amasangalatsa ana a sukulu. Pambuyo pake, ngakhale kuti malingaliro a lero pa akazi ndi ufulu wawo ndi olemekezeka, zaka zambiri zapitazo ufulu wa kugonana mwachilungamo unali wodzichepetsa kwambiri. Kulongosola nkhani ya Tsiku Ladziko Lonse la Azimayi pa March 8 kwa ana, ndi bwino kukumbutsa anyamata onse kuti atsikana ali ofooka ndi opanda chitetezo. Choncho, kuyamikira ndi kuteteza iwo ayenera kudzilemekeza munthu aliyense, kuyambira ndi benchi ya sukulu ndikutha ndi zaka zolimba. Ndipo pofuna kukweza chophimba kwa ana pa chiyambi ndi kusinthika kwa nyengo yozizira yamasiku, ndizotheka kusonyeza phunziro lachidziwitso pa phunziro lapadera.
Phunziro lavidiyo pa mbiri ya March 8 kwa ana
Ndondomeko yabwino pa Marichi 8: mbiri ya chiyambi chake ndi chakuya mokwanira, ndipo njira yopititsira patsogolo ndi yaitali komanso yaminga. Kuwonekera kwa Tsiku la Azimayi Padziko lonse kunasintha kusintha kwakukulu m'mayiko ambiri, kuphatikizapo ku Russia. Komabe, koma mbiri ya mapangidwe pa March 8 osachepera mwachidule ayenera kudziwa osati akulu okha, komanso ana.