The Maltese lapdog ndi galu wodabwitsa, wokhulupirika komanso wochenjera kwambiri yemwe ali wochezeka ndi anzake a mwini wake ndipo ndi wochezeka kwa zinyama. Iye nthawi zonse amakhala wokondwa komanso wolimbika, ndi bwino kumusunga m'nyumba, koma kukula kwa kutchuka kwake kumatetezedwa ndi kusamalidwa ndi kuthandizira kovala chovala choyera. Mulimonsemo ndi galu wathanzi, omwe ali okhutira ndi zochepa zolimbitsa thupi, ngakhale zingathenso kuyenda maulendo ataliatali. Monga mukudziwira, kayendetsedwe ka thanzi ndi kathanzi, ndipo anyamata onse, kuphatikizapo Malta, ali ndi chiwindi chautali, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zaka 16 mpaka 18 ndi zaka zambiri. Ngakhale kuti galu mtundu wamalonda wotchedwa lapdog (kapena maltese) amafunikira kusamalira mosamala, ndikofunika.
Kodi ndi mutu wanji mu mutu?
Dzina lakuti Maltese bolognese, kapena maltese, linapereka chilumba cha Melta ku Mediterranean. Kutanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Chiitaliya "Malta" kapena "Malta", monga momwe nthawi zina timayankhulira, mwachiwonekere kutsogoleredwa ndi kutchulidwa kwa Chingerezi kwa mawu ofanana, omwe mu zolemba zofananazo zimamveka ngati "Moltese" amatanthauza "Malta" kapena "Malta" (wokhala mmenemo zilumba za Malta). Ku Russia, agalu amenewa amadziwika kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo ali ndi dzina lachikhalidwe - Chida cha Maltese. Nkhono zonse zoyera mu dziko lathu zinayamba kutchedwa bolognese atabweretsedwa kuchokera ku Bologna. Njoka zofanana zochokera ku Malta zimatchedwa kuti zipangizo za ku Maltese. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti Italy imabereka mtundu wodziimira wa bolognese, m'malingaliro athu - makutu onse a lapdog. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, Malta, kapena galasi la chi Maltese, m'mabuku athu ndi akunja mpaka posachedwa nthawi zambiri amatchedwa Maltese Pinscher (nthawi zina ngakhale malita a Malta, omwe ndi olakwika kwambiri). Dzina loyenera kwambiri la mtundu uwu mu Russian likanakhala "galu wa Malta" kapena "Malta".
Ulemerero wopanda pake.
Agalu a Malta kwa zaka mazana ambiri anali otchuka kwambiri komanso okondedwa. Kale ku Girisi ndi Rome mu nyumba zolemera munakhala antchito apadera komanso madokotala kuti azisamalira zinyama. Kawirikawiri kukhalapo kwa agalu a Malta kunatsimikizira za udindo wapatali wa eni ndi chuma chawo. Wolemba ndakatulo wachi Greek Oppian anati agalu oyera amabweretsa zosangalatsa za eni awo, kuwaseketsa iwo. Pliny adanena kuti, ali ndi "katundu wothandizira", anthu amilonda anayi amachiritsa moyo waumunthu, amatonthoza. Ponena za mmodzi wa olamulira a ku Malta, wolemba ndakatulo wakale wa Chiroma Martial analemba kuti: "Issa ndi wokonda kwambiri kuposa mpheta, Issa ndi wokongola kuposa chipsompsone cha njiwa, chokoma kwambiri kuposa namwali, chofunika kwambiri kuposa chuma cha Indian."
Panthawi ya nkhondo zachipembedzo, agalu a Malta anadza ku mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya. Ankhondowa anabweretsa mphatso zawo zachizungu kwa akazi awo. Agalu a Malta adagwirizana ndi makhoti onse a ku Ulaya. Anali ndi Mfumu Philip Wachiwiri wa ku Spain, Mfumu ya France Louis Louis XIV, Mfumukazi Catherine II.
Othandizira sangathe kunyalanyaza chidwi cha zilembo zinayi izi: Bolonok, atakhala m'manja mwa anthu olemekezeka, amatha kuwona pa kujambula kwa ojambula ambiri otchuka - Titian, Veronese, Durer, Goya, Rubens, Tintoretto.
Mbiri yamakono.
Paziwonetsero zoyambirira za Chingerezi, agalu a Malta anawonetsedwa pansi pa dzina lakuti "Maltese Terrier, kapena" Malta Spaniel "(chikondi cha Chingerezi kwa terriers ndi spaniels chinawonetseredwa mwa mayina a mitundu yochokera ku Tibet, osagwirizana ndi agalu a ku British alibe: a ku Tiberiya ndi a Tibetan spaniel). Zina mwa agalu omwe anawonetsedwa anali zamtundu, zina zidakonzedwa pansi pa mkango.
Kusankha ndi kuswana pa zikhumbo zomwe zinkafuna kuti pakhale mapangidwe osiyanasiyana a bolonok. M'buku lakuti "Modern Dogs" (1894) Ravdon Lee ananena kuti chifukwa cha zovuta za malaya agalu a Malta sadzakhala otchuka. (Pa nthawiyi, ubweya wambiri wa "Malta" unasokonezeka, osagwira tsitsi, ndipo agalu anakumbutsa Lhasa Apso.) Komabe, mwatsoka, wolembayo analakwitsa: tsopano mtunduwu ukufala. Ndiyenera kunena kuti, zinyama zomwe zimakhala pafupi ndi mwiniwake, zinali zopambana. Kwa iwo, kunyalanyaza mu "hairstyle" kumabweretsa ufulu ndi chisangalalo chosangalatsa. Mwamwayi, izi sizikunenedwa za malingaliro amasiku ano owonetsa malonda, makamaka omwe amapangidwa ndi minda ikuluikulu: kuwonetsa nyenyezi zimakakamizidwa kuti zizikhala ngati mbalame zosungirako, chifukwa njira ya ubweya woyera, yomwe yayitali kwambiri kuposa galu, imadalira chisamaliro chapadera. Komabe, abambo achikondi amapeza mwayi, mwa dzanja limodzi, kusunga ubweya wabwino, motero n'kofunikira kuti apambane pa zowonetserako, mwadongosolo, ndipo pambali ina samatsutsa chiweto choyenda mumlengalenga, ndipo ngati agalu ena, amakonda kwambiri.
Oimira a mtundu uwu nthawi zonse anali a kagulu ka "agalu" apamwamba, omwe adakalibe ngakhale lero, ngakhale atakhala ngati ife ngati mwana wodula tsitsi lapadera. Ndili mu fomu yomwe hostess, wachiimba wa ku France Patricia Kaas, Tequila wokhulupirika amamutsata kulikonse; iwo amagawana, mwinamwake, kokha pamene nyenyezi iyenera kulowa mu siteji.
Pa akatswiri a mawonetsero amasiyanitsa pakati pa mitundu iŵiri ya malonda: European and American. Agalu a ku Ulaya ndi aakulu kwambiri, ali ndi thupi lowonjezera komanso mutu wautali (makamaka chifukwa cha mfuti). Amamerika ali ang'onoang'ono m'kukula, kuwonjezerana kwachulukidwe ndi zomwe zimatchedwa "nkhope ya chidole", momwe mfuti yofupikitsa (yomwe nthawi zambiri imatsagana ndi kuluma mwachindunji) imapatsa galu mawu okhudza, owonjezeredwa ndi makutu otsika, osamvekanso mu malaya.
Chisamaliro cha malaya.
Idzagawidwa mu nthawi zitatu.
Yoyamba: kuyambira 3 mpaka 6 - miyezi 8. Chovala chofiira (chiwombankhanga), chomwe chimangoyamba kukula, chimafuna kusakaniza tsiku ndi tsiku. Nthawi zina zimayenera kuchitika kangapo patsiku.
Yachiwiri: kuchokera pa miyezi 8 mpaka 12 - 18. Chikho cha galuchi chimayamba kusintha ndikupeza kutalika kokwanira. Ali ndi zaka 10 mpaka 15 kutalika kwa malaya a galu akufanana ndi kukula kwake. Palifunika kuchotsa izo mu papillot, kuti muteteze ku dothi ndi kuvulala.
Chachitatu: kuyambira miyezi 12 mpaka 18 isanafike mapeto a ntchito yoonetsa. Ubweya ndi chovala choyera cha chipale chofewa, choposa kukula kwa galu ndi masentimita 3 mpaka 10. Nsalu zoterozo ziyenera kuchotsedwa nthawi zonse m'mapepala a tsitsi. Nthawi iliyonse pakamenyana, malekezero a chovalacho ayenera kukonzedwa kuti akwaniritse mzere wochepetsetsa pansipa.
Mukakhala kuti simungathe kumenyana ndi galu tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo simudzatenga nawo mbali pazisonyezo, mudule "pansi pa mwanayo." Kotero zidzakhala zabwino kwa inu (mocheperako kumenyana), ndi galu wanu. Chovala chaubweya waung'ono, ngati chotsukidwa bwino, sichigwera mu khola, ndipo khungu limapuma momasuka.
Kusamba galu.
Ndikofunika kusamba galu kamodzi kokha masiku asanu ndi awiri (7-10) kuti agalu azichita nawo masewero, ndipo kamodzi pa masiku khumi kapena khumi ndi anayi kwa ziweto. Kusamba kwafupipafupi kumadalira nthawi ya chaka, kaya galu amayenda kuyenda ndi kuchuluka kwake. (M'nyengo ya chilimwe mukhoza kusamba maliseche masiku asanu ndi awiri kapena asanu.) Popanda njirayi, chiweto chanu chidzakhala nyama yonyansa yokhala ndi tsitsi lopanda tsitsi.
Kusamba ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zogwiritsira ntchito ubweya wa agalu a mtundu uwu. Kuphatikiza pa shampoo, mudzafunika zodzoladzola zabwino ndi tsitsi-zodzoladzola zopatsa mphamvu zomwe zimaphatikizapo mankhwala odzola mpweya kuti athetse ndi kuteteza kansalu ndi kuwonongeka kwa malaya. Mu basamu, monga lamulo, madontho ochepa a mafuta makamaka opangidwa ndi ubweya wa malonda (opanda mtundu, osasiya mawanga a chikasu) akuwonjezeredwa.
Papillot.
Chimodzi mwa nthawi zofunika kwambiri pa chisamaliro cha maliseche ndi ntchito ya papillotok. Nsaluyo imagawidwa mu nsonga pambali ya thupi la galu ndipo imayikidwa mu pepala laling'ono (phokoso la tsitsi). Mukamagwiritsa ntchito miyala, muyenera kutsimikiza kuti mapepala a papillotok si oonda kwambiri, komanso gulu lothandizira, lomwe limapanga mapepala, silolimba ndipo silingagwedezeke kwambiri. Ubweya wa Malta ndi wosiyana ndi yorkshire terrier ndi shih tzu: mwa oimira mitundu imeneyi ndi ovuta kwambiri. Tsitsi lofewa la malonda limangowonongeka ndi chilonda cholakwika papillotkami. Mulimonsemo, simungathe kuchotsa ubweyawo kuchokera kumapepala a tsitsi. Musanayambe kuzungulira zokopa m'mapepala a tsitsi, m'pofunika kutsuka tsitsi losambitsidwa bwino nthawi yonse ya tsitsilo ndi mafuta apadera. Simungagwiritse ntchito mafuta a burdock kapena mafuta, omwe amaletsa tsitsi (zomangira pamodzi, mpaka kumapeto kwa mafutawa sizingatheke). Mukatolera mafuta kwa galu wanu, perekani zomwe zimasiyidwa zosawerengeka pa ubweya wa nkhosa, zimayambitsa nsalu pambuyo pa kuswana ndipo sizimalola ubweya kuti umwazikane. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mafuta kapena m'malo mwake kuli kofunika kwambiri powasamalira ubweya wa malita, umateteza tsitsi kuti lisapweteke ndi kuphulika, komanso kulidyetsa lonselo. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti malonda onse akhoza kukhala ndi munthu aliyense payekha mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito zodzoladzola.
Mukamayika ubweya m'mapepala a tsitsi, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta odzola. Kutsekemera koteroko kumapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke (zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kusokoneza makompyuta ngati zawonekera), koma zimaliranso komanso zimameta ubweya.
Kusamalira maso.
Koma mwatsoka, agalu ambiri amatha kukongola chifukwa cha tsitsi losasamalidwa bwino, komanso chifukwa cha zipsinjo zosautsa pang'onopang'ono. Maonekedwe awo angakhale chifukwa cha choyambitsa cholowa, zakudya zopanda choyenera (zina zimayambitsa chifuwa), kusowa kwa diso, ndi ingress ya ubweya mwa iwo. Chisamaliro choyenera, chomwe chimaphatikizapo kusamba tsiku ndi tsiku ndi kusamalira maso, komanso kugwiritsira ntchito chakudya chamagulu, ndi chitsimikizo chakuti chi Maltese chanu chidzawoneka chowoneka bwino.
Mutu wokongoletsedwa bwino wa galu mtundu wa Chi Maltese wolola galu - kunyada kwenikweni kwa mwiniwake. Zowonongeka: Zovala zingapo zokongoletsa, ngati malaya atalika. Ngati akadakali kochepa kwambiri kwa nkhumba (mwa ana 3 mpaka 5 - 7) miyezi), ndiye muyenera kumudziwa galu kumchira. Kukonzekera, nsalu zapadera zofewa zomwe sizimapweteka tsitsi la galu ndizoyenera. Kwa galu amasonyeza, imodzi kapena ziwiri (malingana ndi zakunja ndi zokonda za mwiniwake) zimapangidwa ndi cholemba pamwamba.
Mbalame ya ku Maltese ndi yokongola kwambiri, yosintha pang'ono kuyambira kale. Cholinga cha abambo amasiku ano ndi okonda eni eni okha ndikuteteza oimirawo mu mawonekedwe achikale: woyera akuyenda ubweya, mutu wodzitukumula, mchira wa chimfine ndi kuima kwautali kuponyedwa kumbuyo kwake! Ndikofunikira kukumbukira chinthu chimodzi: galu wanu adzawoneka okongola kwambiri monga momwe mungasamalire komanso mosamalirako.