Makolo kutsogolo kwa sukulu ayenera kuti akudabwa kuti ndi katemera wotani omwe ana amapanga ali ndi zaka 6. Malinga ndi kalendalayi yomwe inakhazikitsidwa pa lamulo la 673 la October 30, 2007, Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia, ana a zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi akupatsidwa katemera kachiwiri motsutsana ndi rubella, chikuku ndi mapiko.
Komabe, ndondomeko ya katemera siyimtengo wapatali. Katemera ayenera kuchitidwa poganizira za thanzi lachiwiri m'mbuyo mwa masabata awiri mpaka 4 asanabwererenso. Onetsetsani kuti mukuganiza za matenda oopsa, a ubongo, ndi matenda aakulu. Ngati pali zowonongeka, asanayambe katemera, mwanayo amatchulidwa kale komanso pambuyo pa katemera wa antihistamines (fenkarol, suprastin).
Rubella
Rubella ndi matenda opatsirana. Zimapangika mosavuta ndi madontho osakanikirana ndi a m'mlengalenga. Gwero la matenda ndi odwala mkati mwa masiku asanu kuyambira pachiyambi. Nthawi zambiri rubella amavutika ndi makanda 2-9. Mwamwayi, atadwala kamodzi, munthu amakhala ndi chitetezo chokhalitsa ku matendawa. Ana amanyamula mosavuta inoculation komanso matenda omwewo. Akuluakulu amavutika kwambiri ndi rubella. Choncho, katemerayu sayenera kusiya.
Katemera woyamba motsutsana ndi rubella amachitika pa miyezi 12. Ali ndi zaka 6, katemera wochuluka mobwerezabwereza umachitika. Komanso kuchokera ku rubella, atsikana ali ndi zaka 13 ndi amayi omwe amakonza mimba kwa miyezi itatu asanatenge mimba (ngati sakudwala). Ku Russia, mankhwalawa amalembedwa:
Monocarcinas motsutsana ndi rubella : katemera wochokera ku Croatia; Katemera wochokera ku India; Rudivax (France).
Katemera ophatikizana : Prioriks (rubella, mumps, chikuku) (Belgium); MMP-II (rubella, mumps, chikuku) (USA).
Zakudya
Mankhwala ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri. Kawirikawiri limodzi ndi kutukumuka, kutupa kwa conjunctiva ya maso ndi mucosa wa chapamwamba kupuma thirakiti. Amafalikira ndi madontho a m'madzi. Mbewu imayamba ngati chimfine ndi kutaya, kufooka, kuchepa kwa chilakolako, kuwonjezeka kwa madigiri 38-39, kutentha.
Katemera woyamba kutsutsana ndi chikuku amachitika pa miyezi 12-15, yachiwiri inoculation asanayambe sukulu kwa ana zaka 6. Russia imalembedwa:
Katemera wa Monovirus motsutsana ndi chikuku : Ruvax (France); katemera wa chimanga (Russia).
Katemera ophatikizana : Prioriks (rubella, mumps, chikuku) (Belgium); MMP-II (rubella, mumps, chikuku) (USA).
Mliri wamagazi
Mliri wa parotitis umadziwikanso ngati mumps. Matenda a mitsempha amafalitsidwa ndi madontho amadzimadzi. Kamodzi pamatenda, kachilomboka kamalowa m'magazi amodzi, magazi amachokera kuntchito. Kuopsa kwa matendawa kumakhala nthawi yayitali. Zizindikiro zoyamba zikhoza kuonekera patangotha masabata awiri mpaka 2,5 pambuyo pa matenda.
Katemera woyamba amachitika pa miyezi 12, ndipo ali ndi zaka 6, ana akuyambiranso. Mphamvu ya katemera ndi yaikulu kwambiri. Anthu amene amapezeka katemera amakhala ndi mitsempha kawirikawiri ndipo amakhala ndi mavuto ochepa. Ku Russia analembetsa:
Katemera wa Mono motsutsana ndi mitsempha (mumkati) : katemera wamkati (Russia).
Katemera ophatikizana : Prioriks (rubella, mumps, chikuku) (Belgium); MMP-II (rubella, mumps, chikuku) (USA).
Kuyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kukana katemera, m'tsogolomu makolo amachititsa kuti mwana wawo wokondedwa aziwopsa kwambiri ku matenda oopsa. Matendawa amachitika makamaka pamene akukula. Ana omwe sali katemera ndi msinkhu akhoza kukanidwa kupita ku sukulu ya sukulu. Ndizowopsa kuti iwo akhale m'magulu, ana, magulu, ndikupita ku zochitika zazikulu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa matenda. Malingana ndi chiwerengero, ambiri mwa ana omwe sanapereke chithandizo pa nthawi, amatenga matendawa kusukulu.